{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2074111196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2013.6700174","title":"Stability analysis of modular multilevel converters with open-loop control","display_name":"Stability analysis of modular multilevel converters with open-loop control","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2074111196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2013.6700174","mag":"2074111196"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon.2013.6700174","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2013.6700174","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2013 - 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010623588","display_name":"Antonios Antonopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3066-8266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Antonios Antonopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Energy Conversion Laboratory (E2C), KTH Royal Institute of Technology","Electr. Energy Conversion Lab. (E2C), KTH R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Energy Conversion Laboratory (E2C), KTH Royal Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. Energy Conversion Lab. (E2C), KTH R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076995673","display_name":"Lennart \u00c4ngquist","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lennart Angquist","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Energy Conversion Laboratory (E2C), KTH Royal Institute of Technology","Electr. Energy Conversion Lab. (E2C), KTH R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Energy Conversion Laboratory (E2C), KTH Royal Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. Energy Conversion Lab. (E2C), KTH R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083571879","display_name":"Lennart Harnefors","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3107-7073"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lennart Harnefors","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Energy Conversion Laboratory (E2C), KTH Royal Institute of Technology","Electr. Energy Conversion Lab. (E2C), KTH R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Energy Conversion Laboratory (E2C), KTH Royal Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. Energy Conversion Lab. (E2C), KTH R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035159580","display_name":"Kalle Ilves","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kalle Ilves","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Energy Conversion Laboratory (E2C), KTH Royal Institute of Technology","Electr. Energy Conversion Lab. (E2C), KTH R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Energy Conversion Laboratory (E2C), KTH Royal Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. Energy Conversion Lab. (E2C), KTH R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034709081","display_name":"Hans\u2010Peter Nee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1755-1365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hans-Peter Nee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Energy Conversion Laboratory (E2C), KTH Royal Institute of Technology","Electr. Energy Conversion Lab. (E2C), KTH R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Energy Conversion Laboratory (E2C), KTH Royal Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. Energy Conversion Lab. (E2C), KTH R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010623588"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4786,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70015768,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"6316","last_page":"6321"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9772999882698059,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9506000280380249,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.8467763066291809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.8284229636192322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.7259456515312195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.6917209029197693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.6441658735275269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5510802268981934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5193975567817688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-loop-controller","display_name":"Open-loop controller","score":0.5099562406539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.4958513677120209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steady-state","display_name":"Steady state (chemistry)","score":0.44106870889663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loop","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","score":0.43613579869270325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4319293200969696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4194496273994446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability-theory","display_name":"Stability theory","score":0.41038286685943604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3970271348953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28902336955070496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closed-loop","display_name":"Closed loop","score":0.24802088737487793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21128681302070618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.09402599930763245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09065890312194824}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.8467763066291809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.8284229636192322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.7259456515312195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.6917209029197693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.6441658735275269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5510802268981934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5193975567817688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161362739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2301555","display_name":"Open-loop controller","level":3,"score":0.5099562406539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.4958513677120209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8171440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903414","display_name":"Steady state (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.44106870889663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184670325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q512604","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.43613579869270325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4319293200969696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4194496273994446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41949839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756677","display_name":"Stability theory","level":3,"score":0.41038286685943604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3970271348953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28902336955070496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019251811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135346","display_name":"Closed loop","level":2,"score":0.24802088737487793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21128681302070618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.09402599930763245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09065890312194824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon.2013.6700174","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2013.6700174","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2013 - 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533204364","https://openalex.org/W1553773743","https://openalex.org/W1646854882","https://openalex.org/W1915388693","https://openalex.org/W1984136552","https://openalex.org/W1993830253","https://openalex.org/W2003371083","https://openalex.org/W2015547686","https://openalex.org/W2016492414","https://openalex.org/W2033589969","https://openalex.org/W2037239418","https://openalex.org/W2055019925","https://openalex.org/W2056370486","https://openalex.org/W2080530062","https://openalex.org/W2085273462","https://openalex.org/W2089063085","https://openalex.org/W2111134324","https://openalex.org/W2112907007","https://openalex.org/W2139885352","https://openalex.org/W2146790143","https://openalex.org/W2152830085","https://openalex.org/W2154551857","https://openalex.org/W2165542296","https://openalex.org/W6631675364","https://openalex.org/W6633255273","https://openalex.org/W6636723338"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W631083485","https://openalex.org/W4313452936","https://openalex.org/W2097026685","https://openalex.org/W2480068220","https://openalex.org/W2102542442","https://openalex.org/W1986220761","https://openalex.org/W2139820372","https://openalex.org/W2774292953","https://openalex.org/W2057771841","https://openalex.org/W2389672489"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modular":[0],"multilevel":[1],"converters":[2],"(M2Cs)":[3],"require":[4],"that":[5,11,26,43],"the":[6,12,22,27,44,51,60,64,69,94,97,110],"controller":[7],"is":[8,32,87,108],"designed":[9,40],"so":[10],"submodule":[13],"capacitor":[14,29],"voltages":[15],"are":[16],"equalized":[17],"and":[18,100],"stable,":[19],"independent":[20],"of":[21,47,63,84],"loading":[23],"conditions.":[24],"Provided":[25],"individual":[28],"voltage":[30],"sharing":[31],"managed":[33],"effectively,":[34],"an":[35],"open-loop":[36,106],"strategy":[37,107],"can":[38],"been":[39],"to":[41,79,88,101],"ensure":[42],"total":[45,70],"amount":[46],"energy":[48,72],"stored":[49,71],"inside":[50],"converter":[52,75],"always":[53],"will":[54],"be":[55,80],"controlled.":[56],"This":[57],"strategy,":[58,99],"using":[59],"steady-state":[61],"solutions":[62],"dynamic":[65],"equations":[66],"for":[67],"controlling":[68],"in":[73,90],"each":[74],"arm,":[76],"has":[77],"proven":[78],"effective.":[81],"The":[82],"intention":[83],"this":[85,105],"paper":[86],"explain":[89],"a":[91],"rigorous":[92],"way":[93],"mechanism":[95],"behind":[96],"suggested":[98],"prove":[102],"that,":[103],"when":[104],"used,":[109],"system":[111],"becomes":[112],"globally":[113],"asymptotically":[114],"stable.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}