{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1996560403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2012.6389570","title":"Frequency-domain modeling of modular multilevel converters","display_name":"Frequency-domain modeling of modular multilevel converters","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1996560403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2012.6389570","mag":"1996560403"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon.2012.6389570","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2012.6389570","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2012 - 38th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036183004","display_name":"Staffan Norrga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8565-4753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Staffan Norrga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","Dept. Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076995673","display_name":"Lennart \u00c4ngquist","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lennart Angquist","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","Dept. Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035159580","display_name":"Kalle Ilves","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kalle Ilves","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","Dept. Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083571879","display_name":"Lennart Harnefors","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3107-7073"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lennart Harnefors","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","Dept. Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034709081","display_name":"Hans\u2010Peter Nee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1755-1365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hans-Peter Nee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","Dept. Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Electrical Energy Conversion, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.36,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96655265,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4967","last_page":"4972"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10361","display_name":"Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12491","display_name":"Superconductivity in MgB2 and Alloys","score":0.9485999941825867,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.7974474430084229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic","display_name":"Harmonic","score":0.629843533039093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5903011560440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.5804686546325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.5792665481567383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schematic","display_name":"Schematic","score":0.5732372999191284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.5602636933326721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4854448437690735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.4796355366706848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series-and-parallel-circuits","display_name":"Series and parallel circuits","score":0.4546530544757843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-harmonic-distortion","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","score":0.44316428899765015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.41935765743255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4177109897136688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3829503655433655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.287853479385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1142512857913971}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.7974474430084229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127934551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148098","display_name":"Harmonic","level":2,"score":0.629843533039093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5903011560440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.5804686546325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.5792665481567383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192328126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4514647","display_name":"Schematic","level":2,"score":0.5732372999191284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.5602636933326721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4854448437690735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.4796355366706848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95023266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55738334","display_name":"Series and parallel circuits","level":3,"score":0.4546530544757843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42156128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162641","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","level":3,"score":0.44316428899765015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.41935765743255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4177109897136688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3829503655433655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.287853479385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1142512857913971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon.2012.6389570","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2012.6389570","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2012 - 38th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533204364","https://openalex.org/W1915388693","https://openalex.org/W1992456171","https://openalex.org/W2005842351","https://openalex.org/W2077326795","https://openalex.org/W2111134324","https://openalex.org/W2182278419","https://openalex.org/W2549788447","https://openalex.org/W6631675364","https://openalex.org/W6685827281","https://openalex.org/W6729709298"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3154683910","https://openalex.org/W1846734616","https://openalex.org/W2359532622","https://openalex.org/W3134543635","https://openalex.org/W2921318524","https://openalex.org/W2377571686","https://openalex.org/W4290391210","https://openalex.org/W1524763411","https://openalex.org/W1590159885","https://openalex.org/W2115100193"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modular":[0],"multilevel":[1],"converters":[2,65],"(MMC),":[3],"based":[4,103],"on":[5,104],"cascading":[6],"of":[7,32,63,78,97,136,182,192],"half-bridge":[8,101],"converter":[9,194],"cells,":[10,102],"can":[11,21,123,165],"combine":[12],"low":[13,17],"switching":[14],"frequency":[15,68,144,163],"with":[16,100],"harmonic":[18,81],"interference.":[19],"They":[20],"be":[22,124],"designed":[23],"for":[24,93,186,213],"high":[25,47],"operating":[26],"voltages":[27,82],"without":[28],"direct":[29,49],"series":[30],"connection":[31],"semiconductor":[33],"elements.":[34],"This":[35,87],"has":[36],"led":[37],"to":[38,75,210],"a":[39,71,90,105,115,127,171],"rapid":[40],"adoption":[41],"within":[42],"high-power":[43],"applications":[44],"such":[45],"as":[46,180],"voltage":[48,56],"current":[50,200],"transmission,":[51],"railway":[52],"interties":[53],"and":[54,129,201],"medium":[55],"industrial":[57],"motor":[58],"drives.":[59],"Analyzing":[60],"the":[61,67,76,84,98,109,120,134,137,143,153,162,168,175,188,193,198],"operation":[62],"these":[64],"in":[66,83,142,161],"domain":[69,145],"poses":[70],"few":[72],"challenges":[73],"due":[74],"presence":[77],"significant":[79,211],"low-order":[80],"cell":[85,138],"capacitors.":[86],"paper":[88],"treats":[89],"frequency-domain":[91],"methodology":[92],"computing":[94],"inner":[95],"variables":[96,135],"MMC":[99],"two-stage":[106],"approach.":[107],"First,":[108],"circuit":[110,121],"equations":[111],"are":[112,140,159],"decoupled":[113],"by":[114,146,195],"simple":[116],"linear":[117],"transformation,":[118],"whereby":[119],"schematic":[122],"separated":[125],"into":[126],"dc-side":[128],"an":[130,183],"ac-side":[131,203],"part.":[132],"Second,":[133],"strings":[139],"computed":[141],"iterated":[147],"convolution.":[148],"It":[149],"is":[150,177],"shown":[151],"that":[152],"proposed":[154],"methodology,":[155],"where":[156],"all":[157],"calculations":[158],"made":[160],"domain,":[164],"accurately":[166],"reproduce":[167],"results":[169],"from":[170,206],"PSCAD":[172],"simulation.":[173],"Furthermore,":[174],"model":[176],"successfully":[178],"employed":[179],"part":[181],"optimization":[184],"algorithm":[185],"maximizing":[187],"power":[189],"handling":[190],"capability":[191],"appropriately":[196],"controlling":[197],"circulating":[199],"zero-sequence":[202],"voltage.":[204],"Results":[205],"this":[207],"work":[208],"point":[209],"possibilities":[212],"improvement.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
