{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2169380556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2012.6388543","title":"Integrating distributed energy resources in the electrical grid considering resource variability for reliable power planning","display_name":"Integrating distributed energy resources in the electrical grid considering resource variability for reliable power planning","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2169380556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2012.6388543","mag":"2169380556"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon.2012.6388543","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2012.6388543","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2012 - 38th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009796950","display_name":"Shanmuga Veerapen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69072986","display_name":"University of Mauritius","ror":"https://ror.org/05cyprz33","country_code":"MU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69072986"]}],"countries":["MU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shanmuga Veerapen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69072986"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103923956","display_name":"Robert T. F. Ah King","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69072986","display_name":"University of Mauritius","ror":"https://ror.org/05cyprz33","country_code":"MU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69072986"]}],"countries":["MU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert T. F. Ah King","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69072986"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009796950"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69072986"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.491,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70846422,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":null,"first_page":"1356","last_page":"1361"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12804","display_name":"Thermal Analysis in Power Transmission","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11941","display_name":"Power System Reliability and Maintenance","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.8217834234237671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sizing","display_name":"Sizing","score":0.6828030347824097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.6126168370246887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6063070297241211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.560371994972229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.49584636092185974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.4904801547527313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-transmission","display_name":"Electric power transmission","score":0.48737889528274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-power","display_name":"Wind power","score":0.4669880270957947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-generation","display_name":"Electricity generation","score":0.44427254796028137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-system","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","score":0.41859710216522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3820718824863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3127550482749939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2566291093826294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.14549711346626282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07842060923576355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.8217834234237671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777767291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1080291","display_name":"Sizing","level":2,"score":0.6828030347824097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.6126168370246887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6063070297241211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.560371994972229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.49584636092185974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4904801547527313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140311924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200928","display_name":"Electric power transmission","level":2,"score":0.48737889528274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78600449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43302","display_name":"Wind power","level":2,"score":0.4669880270957947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.44427254796028137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.41859710216522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3820718824863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3127550482749939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2566291093826294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.14549711346626282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07842060923576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iecon.2012.6388543","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2012.6388543","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IECON 2012 - 38th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979356488","https://openalex.org/W1984290611","https://openalex.org/W2016334901","https://openalex.org/W2017982347","https://openalex.org/W2032540334","https://openalex.org/W2040647733","https://openalex.org/W2051202352","https://openalex.org/W2064043710","https://openalex.org/W2078369687","https://openalex.org/W2106424475","https://openalex.org/W2121913166","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2145295895","https://openalex.org/W2164802766","https://openalex.org/W2164965679","https://openalex.org/W2171182649","https://openalex.org/W2765056174","https://openalex.org/W4234621858","https://openalex.org/W6646237687","https://openalex.org/W6654609482"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2375311683","https://openalex.org/W2366062860","https://openalex.org/W2373777250","https://openalex.org/W2353956655","https://openalex.org/W2020653254","https://openalex.org/W2010454064","https://openalex.org/W2352072014","https://openalex.org/W217279133","https://openalex.org/W2393487946","https://openalex.org/W2103508377"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Lately,":[0],"there":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3],"major":[4],"development":[5],"in":[6,36,70,192],"distributed":[7,62],"energy":[8,75],"resources":[9],"(DERs)":[10],"technologies":[11],"due":[12,21],"to":[13,22,56,113,136,162,184],"the":[14,23,28,37,58,74,79,85,92,115,138,144,153,164,168,175],"constraints":[15],"on":[16,127],"traditional":[17],"power":[18,63,68,119,190],"generation.":[19],"However,":[20],"volatility":[24,120],"of":[25,30,34,61,81,94,102,143,152,158,180],"renewable":[26],"power,":[27],"integration":[29],"this":[31],"new":[32],"type":[33],"generation":[35,64],"existing":[38],"network":[39,157],"is":[40,47,160],"highly":[41],"problematic":[42],"when":[43],"a":[44,52,197],"reliable":[45,198],"planning":[46,54,199],"required.":[48],"This":[49],"paper":[50],"investigates":[51],"stochastic":[53],"model":[55,114],"minimise":[57],"lifecycle":[59],"cost":[60,188],"(DG)":[65],"and":[66,97,100,109,117,121,141,178,189],"reduce":[67,185],"loss":[69,80,191],"transmission":[71,156,193],"lines":[72,194],"under":[73],"reliability":[76],"criterion,":[77],"namely":[78],"load":[82,122],"probability.":[83],"In":[84],"proposed":[86],"techniques,":[87],"two":[88],"stages":[89],"are":[90,111,134,182],"involved:":[91],"modelling":[93],"DERs":[95,145],"stage":[96],"optimal":[98],"placement":[99],"capacity":[101],"DG":[103,181],"stage.":[104],"Statistical":[105],"moments":[106],"including":[107],"mean":[108],"variance":[110],"utilised":[112],"wind":[116],"solar":[118],"uncertainty.":[123],"Computer":[124],"simulations":[125],"based":[126],"MATLAB":[128],"using":[129],"multiobjective":[130],"genetic":[131],"algorithm":[132],"(GA)":[133],"used":[135,161],"find":[137],"best":[139],"siting":[140,177],"sizing":[142,179],"with":[146],"multi-system":[147],"constraints.":[148],"A":[149],"real":[150],"section":[151],"66":[154],"kV":[155],"Mauritius":[159],"evaluate":[163],"optimization":[165],"process.":[166],"From":[167],"results":[169],"it":[170],"can":[171],"be":[172],"observed":[173],"that":[174],"proper":[176],"important":[183],"total":[186],"system":[187],"while":[195],"achieving":[196],"method.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
