{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413679992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie64880.2025.11130125","title":"AI-Driven Differential Diagnosis: Leveraging RAG and LLMs in Intelligent Healthcare Systems","display_name":"AI-Driven Differential Diagnosis: Leveraging RAG and LLMs in Intelligent Healthcare Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413679992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie64880.2025.11130125"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ie64880.2025.11130125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie64880.2025.11130125","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 21st International Conference on Intelligent Environments (IE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Simone Pinna","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simone Pinna","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cagliari,Department of Mathematics and Computer Science,Cagliari,Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cagliari,Department of Mathematics and Computer Science,Cagliari,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072729981","display_name":"Silvia M. Massa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3285-8971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silvia M. Massa","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cagliari,Department of Mathematics and Computer Science,Cagliari,Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cagliari,Department of Mathematics and Computer Science,Cagliari,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074097123","display_name":"Daniele Riboni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0695-2040"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniele Riboni","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cagliari,Department of Mathematics and Computer Science,Cagliari,Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cagliari,Department of Mathematics and Computer Science,Cagliari,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9158999919891357,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9158999919891357,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.5828878283500671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5664659142494202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-system","display_name":"Healthcare system","score":0.43706053495407104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","score":0.4194509983062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4164485037326813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17063063383102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.09746149182319641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.06707796454429626}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5828878283500671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5664659142494202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988170871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11000047","display_name":"Healthcare system","level":3,"score":0.43706053495407104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93226319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193137","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","level":2,"score":0.4194509983062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4164485037326813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17063063383102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09746149182319641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.06707796454429626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ie64880.2025.11130125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie64880.2025.11130125","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 21st International Conference on Intelligent Environments (IE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unica.it:11584/457627","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11584/457627","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196293","display_name":"UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","host_organization_name":"University of Cagliari","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1159694101","https://openalex.org/W4312778074","https://openalex.org/W2797427871","https://openalex.org/W3024114128","https://openalex.org/W3214957520","https://openalex.org/W4322577590","https://openalex.org/W2932738180","https://openalex.org/W1965298590","https://openalex.org/W2329153216","https://openalex.org/W4380151695"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0],"Intelligence":[1],"is":[2,86],"playing":[3],"an":[4,55,68,162],"increasingly":[5],"prominent":[6],"role":[7],"in":[8,18,41,150,186],"healthcare.":[9],"For":[10],"this":[11,37],"integration":[12],"to":[13,60,76,116,121,145,167,191],"continue":[14],"evolving":[15],"effectively,":[16],"professionals":[17],"the":[19,28,31,42,72,97,114,122,136,139,147,181,188,198],"field,":[20],"including":[21],"doctors,":[22],"psychologists,":[23],"and":[24,50,64,160,196],"nurses,":[25],"must":[26],"trust":[27,38],"technology.":[29],"In":[30],"domain":[32],"of":[33,44,138,157,180],"Large":[34,183],"Language":[35,184],"Models,":[36],"requires":[39],"transparency":[40],"sources":[43],"information,":[45],"ensuring":[46],"they":[47],"are":[48,201],"verifiable":[49],"reviewed.":[51],"This":[52],"paper":[53],"presents":[54],"intelligent":[56],"diagnostic":[57],"assistant":[58],"designed":[59],"support":[61],"differential":[62,205],"diagnosis":[63],"disease":[65],"comparison,":[66],"leveraging":[67],"LLM":[69],"enriched":[70],"with":[71,178],"Retrieval-Augmented":[73,111],"Generation":[74,112],"technique":[75],"address":[77],"trust-related":[78],"challenges.":[79],"The":[80],"knowledge":[81,119],"base":[82],"for":[83,128,203],"our":[84,158,174],"system":[85,175],"PubMed,":[87],"a":[88,155],"biomedical":[89],"article":[90],"aggregator,":[91],"which":[92],"supplies":[93],"relevant":[94,189],"articles":[95,149],"on":[96],"considered":[98],"disorders,":[99],"as":[100,102],"well":[101],"evidence":[103],"supporting":[104,204],"or":[105],"refuting":[106],"potential":[107],"links":[108],"between":[109,193],"them.":[110],"empowers":[113],"model":[115],"incorporate":[117],"external":[118],"tailored":[120],"specific":[123],"question":[124],"while":[125],"providing":[126,187],"citations":[127,132],"its":[129],"statements.":[130],"These":[131],"not":[133],"only":[134],"enhance":[135],"trustworthiness":[137],"answers":[140],"but":[141],"also":[142],"enable":[143],"practitioners":[144],"explore":[146],"referenced":[148],"greater":[151],"detail.":[152],"We":[153],"developed":[154],"prototype":[156],"system,":[159],"conducted":[161],"evaluation":[163],"through":[164],"questionnaires":[165],"administered":[166],"12":[168],"professional":[169],"psychologists.":[170],"Results":[171],"show":[172],"that":[173,197],"compares":[176],"favorably":[177],"state":[179],"art":[182],"Models":[185],"information":[190],"distinguish":[192],"two":[194],"diseases,":[195],"provided":[199],"details":[200],"useful":[202],"diagnosis.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}