{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2784009693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icuwb.2017.8250955","title":"High output power frequency doubler for digital PLLs in fully integrated 24 GHz CMOS radar systems","display_name":"High output power frequency doubler for digital PLLs in fully integrated 24 GHz CMOS radar systems","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2784009693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icuwb.2017.8250955","mag":"2784009693"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icuwb.2017.8250955","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icuwb.2017.8250955","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Ubiquitous Wireless Broadband (ICUWB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081960239","display_name":"Soenke Vehring","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3693-7148"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Soenke Vehring","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microwave Engineering, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microwave Engineering, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001122796","display_name":"Yaoshun Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8753-9022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaoshun Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microwave Engineering, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microwave Engineering, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064858827","display_name":"Philipp Scholz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-3117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philipp Scholz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mixed Signal Circuit Design, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mixed Signal Circuit Design, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021426541","display_name":"Dominic Maurath","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dominic Maurath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mixed Signal Circuit Design, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mixed Signal Circuit Design, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032302022","display_name":"Friedel Gerfers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0520-1923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Friedel Gerfers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mixed Signal Circuit Design, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mixed Signal Circuit Design, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021434308","display_name":"Georg Boeck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0409-5783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georg Boeck","raw_affiliation_strings":["GlomicGmbH, Berlin, Germany","Microwave Engineering, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GlomicGmbH, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microwave Engineering, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081960239"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18886048,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-multiplier","display_name":"Frequency multiplier","score":0.685097873210907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6714453101158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.628990650177002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5834256410598755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balun","display_name":"Balun","score":0.5600709915161133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.5400941371917725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.48048749566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subthreshold-conduction","display_name":"Subthreshold conduction","score":0.4696062505245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/output-impedance","display_name":"Output impedance","score":0.45671194791793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/input-impedance","display_name":"Input impedance","score":0.4449729025363922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.3651614785194397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3240526020526886}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146002875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074289","display_name":"Frequency multiplier","level":3,"score":0.685097873210907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6714453101158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.628990650177002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5834256410598755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114489654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q805838","display_name":"Balun","level":3,"score":0.5600709915161133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.5400941371917725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.48048749566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156465305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1658601","display_name":"Subthreshold conduction","level":4,"score":0.4696062505245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58112919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631203","display_name":"Output impedance","level":3,"score":0.45671194791793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26262908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307489","display_name":"Input impedance","level":3,"score":0.4449729025363922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.3651614785194397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3240526020526886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icuwb.2017.8250955","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icuwb.2017.8250955","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Ubiquitous Wireless Broadband (ICUWB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W196068120","https://openalex.org/W2082312875","https://openalex.org/W2103137150","https://openalex.org/W2134389380","https://openalex.org/W2777705460"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2551270909","https://openalex.org/W2533774791","https://openalex.org/W2009725524","https://openalex.org/W2523182994","https://openalex.org/W1506355656","https://openalex.org/W4210809443","https://openalex.org/W4387426556","https://openalex.org/W1981255793","https://openalex.org/W2123069234","https://openalex.org/W2541518036"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"the":[3,37,46,55,66,88,94,120,131],"design":[4,47],"and":[5,40,48,64,75,143],"optimization":[6,49],"of":[7,21,31,54,130],"a":[8,22,32,148],"high":[9],"output":[10,73,92,111],"power":[11,74,112,122],"12-to-24":[12],"GHz":[13,115],"CMOS":[14,105],"microwave":[15],"doubler":[16,99],"intended":[17],"as":[18],"subsequent":[19],"block":[20],"digital":[23],"PLL":[24],"is":[25,58,69,84,100,134,155],"presented.":[26],"The":[27,98,128,139,151],"active":[28],"core":[29],"consists":[30],"switch":[33],"pair":[34],"operating":[35],"in":[36,102],"subthreshold":[38],"region":[39],"an":[41,51],"amplifying":[42],"common-gate":[43],"transistor.":[44],"For":[45],"process":[50],"efficient":[52],"analysis":[53],"nonlinear":[56],"circuit":[57],"introduced.":[59],"By":[60],"optimizing":[61],"transistor":[62],"size":[63,154],"layout":[65],"rectifying":[67],"behavior":[68],"improved":[70],"such":[71],"that":[72],"efficiency":[76],"achieve":[77],"their":[78],"maximum":[79,121],"values.":[80],"A":[81],"transformer":[82],"BALUN":[83],"used":[85],"to":[86,93],"transform":[87],"100":[89],"Ohm":[90],"differential":[91],"optimum":[95],"load":[96],"impedance.":[97],"realized":[101],"65":[103],"nm":[104],"technology.":[106],"More":[107],"than":[108,136],"0":[109],"dBm":[110],"at":[113,147],"24":[114],"has":[116],"been":[117],"achieved":[118],"while":[119],"consumption":[123],"remains":[124],"below":[125],"17":[126],"mW.":[127],"rejection":[129],"fundamental":[132],"frequency":[133],"higher":[135],"20":[137],"dB.":[138],"die":[140,153],"incorporates":[141],"ESD-protection":[142],"can":[144],"be":[145],"operated":[146],"single":[149],"voltage.":[150],"total":[152],"600":[156],"\u03bcm":[157],"by":[158],"400":[159],"\u03bcm.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}