{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2034743601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icumt.2012.6459678","title":"Adaptive framework for network traffic classification using dimensionality reduction and clustering","display_name":"Adaptive framework for network traffic classification using dimensionality reduction and clustering","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2034743601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icumt.2012.6459678","mag":"2034743601"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icumt.2012.6459678","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icumt.2012.6459678","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IV International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://jyx.jyu.fi/bitstreams/eacb864a-216f-40eb-af7a-b67903b7aa35/download","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054433796","display_name":"Antti Juvonen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323252656","display_name":"Information Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngv8j44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94722563","display_name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4","ror":"https://ror.org/05n3dz165","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"]}],"countries":["FI","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antti Juvonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematical Information Technology, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyvaskyla, Finland","[Department of Mathematical Information Technology, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 Finland]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematical Information Technology, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyvaskyla, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Mathematical Information Technology, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 Finland]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047972800","display_name":"Tuomo Sipola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-0400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323252656","display_name":"Information Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngv8j44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94722563","display_name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4","ror":"https://ror.org/05n3dz165","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"]}],"countries":["FI","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tuomo Sipola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematical Information Technology, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyvaskyla, Finland","[Department of Mathematical Information Technology, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 Finland]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematical Information Technology, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyvaskyla, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Mathematical Information Technology, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 Finland]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6085,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90040276,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"274","last_page":"279"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8083012104034424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.6288330554962158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.6189293265342712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6060094833374023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5748280882835388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.48451513051986694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-server","display_name":"Web server","score":0.4815666973590851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-service","display_name":"Web service","score":0.4688645005226135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.46596625447273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.44726648926734924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4408543109893799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.43803900480270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.4203585982322693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.18987557291984558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1656884253025055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15105152130126953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.12150821089744568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8083012104034424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.6288330554962158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.6189293265342712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6060094833374023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5748280882835388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.48451513051986694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11392498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11288","display_name":"Web server","level":3,"score":0.4815666973590851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35578498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193424","display_name":"Web service","level":2,"score":0.4688645005226135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.46596625447273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.44726648926734924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4408543109893799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.43803900480270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.4203585982322693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.18987557291984558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1656884253025055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15105152130126953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.12150821089744568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icumt.2012.6459678","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icumt.2012.6459678","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IV International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:jyx.jyu.fi:123456789/41189","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201304121436","pdf_url":"https://jyx.jyu.fi/bitstreams/eacb864a-216f-40eb-af7a-b67903b7aa35/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400563","display_name":"Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Digital Archive (University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I94722563","host_organization_name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"A4"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:jyx.jyu.fi:123456789/41189","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201304121436","pdf_url":"https://jyx.jyu.fi/bitstreams/eacb864a-216f-40eb-af7a-b67903b7aa35/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400563","display_name":"Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Digital Archive (University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I94722563","host_organization_name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"A4"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2034743601.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W102276202","https://openalex.org/W262970172","https://openalex.org/W1971784203","https://openalex.org/W2011430131","https://openalex.org/W2014569347","https://openalex.org/W2021767337","https://openalex.org/W2033626294","https://openalex.org/W2035703056","https://openalex.org/W2051224630","https://openalex.org/W2071128523","https://openalex.org/W2078396547","https://openalex.org/W2092067718","https://openalex.org/W2155461860","https://openalex.org/W2163598528","https://openalex.org/W2170770919","https://openalex.org/W2183874091","https://openalex.org/W2319660501","https://openalex.org/W2559773779","https://openalex.org/W2678934292","https://openalex.org/W2792561556","https://openalex.org/W4213367101","https://openalex.org/W6609634455","https://openalex.org/W6654138299","https://openalex.org/W6682707501","https://openalex.org/W6686348246","https://openalex.org/W6739612070"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995622179","https://openalex.org/W1484111231","https://openalex.org/W1552543208","https://openalex.org/W2074396517","https://openalex.org/W2166963679","https://openalex.org/W2187269125","https://openalex.org/W1641615907","https://openalex.org/W3089231081","https://openalex.org/W2093956241","https://openalex.org/W2354420595"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Information":[0],"security":[1],"has":[2],"become":[3],"a":[4,51,64,134,162],"very":[5],"important":[6],"topic":[7],"especially":[8],"during":[9],"the":[10,115,120],"last":[11],"years.":[12],"Web":[13],"services":[14],"are":[15,40,75],"becoming":[16],"more":[17,106],"complex":[18],"and":[19,68,94],"dynamic.":[20],"This":[21],"offers":[22],"new":[23],"possibilities":[24],"for":[25],"attackers":[26],"to":[27,53,77,149],"exploit":[28],"vulnerabilities":[29],"by":[30,113],"inputting":[31],"malicious":[32],"queries":[33,74],"or":[34,58],"code.":[35],"However,":[36],"these":[37,47,70,86],"attack":[38],"attempts":[39],"often":[41],"recorded":[42],"in":[43,59,105,167],"server":[44,129],"logs.":[45],"Analyzing":[46],"logs":[48],"could":[49,146,158],"be":[50,103,147,159],"way":[52],"detect":[54],"intrusions":[55,141],"either":[56],"periodically":[57],"real":[60],"time.":[61],"We":[62,108],"propose":[63],"framework":[65,124],"that":[66],"preprocesses":[67],"analyzes":[69],"log":[71,99,130,154],"files.":[72],"HTTP":[73],"transformed":[76],"numerical":[78],"matrices":[79,87],"using":[80,90],"n-gram":[81],"analysis.":[82],"The":[83,123,156],"dimensionality":[84],"of":[85,153],"is":[88,173],"reduced":[89],"principal":[91],"component":[92],"analysis":[93,117],"diffusion":[95],"map":[96],"methodology.":[97],"Abnormal":[98],"lines":[100],"can":[101],"then":[102],"analyzed":[104],"detail.":[107],"expand":[109],"our":[110],"previous":[111],"work":[112],"elaborating":[114],"cluster":[116],"after":[118],"obtaining":[119],"low-dimensional":[121],"representation.":[122],"was":[125],"tested":[126],"with":[127],"actual":[128],"data":[131,172],"collected":[132],"from":[133],"large":[135],"web":[136],"service.":[137],"Several":[138],"previously":[139],"unknown":[140],"were":[142],"found.":[143],"Proposed":[144],"methods":[145],"customized":[148],"analyze":[150],"any":[151,168],"kind":[152],"data.":[155],"system":[157,166],"used":[160],"as":[161],"real-time":[163],"anomaly":[164],"detection":[165],"network":[169],"where":[170],"sufficient":[171],"available.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}