{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4286247486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icufn55119.2022.9829653","title":"VLC Positioning by DNN via WkNN in Indoor Environment","display_name":"VLC Positioning by DNN via WkNN in Indoor Environment","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4286247486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icufn55119.2022.9829653"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icufn55119.2022.9829653","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icufn55119.2022.9829653","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608515","display_name":"2022 Thirteenth International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 Thirteenth International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087774444","display_name":"Sung Hyun Oh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-8612"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung Hyun Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tech University of Korea,Dept. Electronic Engineering,Siheung,Korea","Dept. Electronic Engineering, Tech University of Korea, Siheung, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tech University of Korea,Dept. Electronic Engineering,Siheung,Korea","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Electronic Engineering, Tech University of Korea, Siheung, Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112593447","display_name":"Jeong Gon Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeong Gon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tech University of Korea,Dept. Electronic Engineering,Siheung,Korea","Dept. Electronic Engineering, Tech University of Korea, Siheung, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tech University of Korea,Dept. Electronic Engineering,Siheung,Korea","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Electronic Engineering, Tech University of Korea, Siheung, Korea","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2552,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9309513,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"450","last_page":"453"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7835171222686768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rss","display_name":"RSS","score":0.740142822265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-positioning-system","display_name":"Hybrid positioning system","score":0.68221116065979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.6810541152954102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/location-based-service","display_name":"Location-based service","score":0.6227855682373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.6181613802909851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indoor-positioning-system","display_name":"Indoor positioning system","score":0.5589209794998169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positioning-technology","display_name":"Positioning technology","score":0.5021743774414062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.4787561297416687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.4744766056537628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-equipment","display_name":"User equipment","score":0.4449804425239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint-recognition","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","score":0.4335879683494568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.4300050139427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positioning-system","display_name":"Positioning system","score":0.40663832426071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3641268014907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.3556516468524933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.3415374755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2996509075164795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.26082462072372437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.16654706001281738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12094727158546448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.10192880034446716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.10018575191497803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.08393323421478271}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7835171222686768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2385561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45432","display_name":"RSS","level":2,"score":0.740142822265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187394410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Hybrid positioning system","level":4,"score":0.68221116065979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.6810541152954102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155292070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1198122","display_name":"Location-based service","level":2,"score":0.6227855682373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.6181613802909851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777486483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6026477","display_name":"Indoor positioning system","level":3,"score":0.5589209794998169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778075934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning technology","level":2,"score":0.5021743774414062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4787561297416687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.4744766056537628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781327853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3552547","display_name":"User equipment","level":3,"score":0.4449804425239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168406668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178022","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","level":3,"score":0.4335879683494568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4300050139427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778603505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning system","level":3,"score":0.40663832426071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3641268014907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.3556516468524933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3415374755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2996509075164795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.26082462072372437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.16654706001281738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12094727158546448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.10192880034446716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10018575191497803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.08393323421478271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icufn55119.2022.9829653","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icufn55119.2022.9829653","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608515","display_name":"2022 Thirteenth International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 Thirteenth International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2043337260","https://openalex.org/W2100989187","https://openalex.org/W2172860135","https://openalex.org/W2402514617","https://openalex.org/W2557914181","https://openalex.org/W2571194767","https://openalex.org/W2758719799","https://openalex.org/W2907153016","https://openalex.org/W3197571747"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2370357987","https://openalex.org/W2075052916","https://openalex.org/W2785294107","https://openalex.org/W2583886250","https://openalex.org/W2600973730","https://openalex.org/W2912837751","https://openalex.org/W3194961201","https://openalex.org/W3129995570","https://openalex.org/W2784269087","https://openalex.org/W4286247486"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,8,21,24,61,69,89,92,95,153,159,163,175,187,192,204,218,223,231,243],"recent":[2],"development":[3,10],"of":[4,11,16,23,26,32,71,94,156,162],"mobile":[5],"communication":[6,132],"systems,":[7],"rapid":[9],"smart":[12],"devices":[13],"and":[14,20,134,186,191],"internet":[15],"things":[17],"(IoT)":[18],"technology,":[19],"expansion":[22],"field":[25],"application":[27,34,93],"is":[28,36,41,55,97,149,165],"taking":[29],"place.":[30],"One":[31],"these":[33],"fields":[35],"location-based":[37],"services":[38,47],"(LBS).":[39],"LBS":[40],"a":[42,50,66,83,116,121,146,169],"technology":[43],"that":[44,230],"provides":[45],"various":[46],"based":[48,128,151],"on":[49,129,152],"user\u2019s":[51,122,193,220],"location.":[52,221],"However,":[53,91],"it":[54,226],"very":[56],"important":[57],"to":[58,63,104,203,210,242],"accurately":[59,119],"position":[60],"user":[62,164,188],"provide":[64],"such":[65,106],"service.":[67],"In":[68],"case":[70],"an":[72,100,125],"outdoor":[73],"environment,":[74],"relatively":[75],"high":[76],"positioning":[77,85,120,239],"accuracy":[78,240],"may":[79],"be":[80,228],"provided":[81],"through":[82,197],"global":[84],"system":[86],"(GPS)":[87],"or":[88],"like.":[90],"GPS":[96],"limited":[98],"in":[99,111,124,234],"indoor":[101,126],"environment":[102,127],"due":[103],"problems":[105],"as":[107,143,201],"propagation":[108],"loss.":[109],"Therefore,":[110],"this":[112,235],"paper,":[113],"we":[114],"propose":[115],"method":[117],"for":[118],"location":[123,161,195],"visible":[130],"light":[131],"(VLC)":[133],"artificial":[135],"intelligence":[136],"(AI)":[137],"technology.":[138],"The":[139,213],"proposed":[140,232],"scheme":[141,233],"proceeds":[142],"follows.":[144],"First,":[145],"fingerprinting":[147],"database":[148],"constructed":[150],"channel":[154],"characteristics":[155],"VLC.":[157],"Next,":[158],"approximate":[160,194],"obtained":[166],"by":[167],"applying":[168],"weighted":[170],"k-nearest":[171],"neighbor":[172],"(WkNN).":[173],"Thereafter,":[174],"received":[176],"signal":[177],"strength":[178],"(RSS)":[179],"value":[180],"between":[181],"each":[182],"access":[183],"point":[184],"(AP)":[185],"equipment":[189],"(UE)":[190],"derived":[196],"WkNN":[198],"are":[199],"used":[200],"inputs":[202],"deep":[205],"neural":[206],"network":[207],"(DNN)":[208],"model":[209,216],"perform":[211],"learning.":[212],"trained":[214],"DNN":[215],"outputs":[217],"actual":[219],"Through":[222],"simulation":[224],"results,":[225],"can":[227],"confirmed":[229],"paper":[236],"achieves":[237],"precise":[238],"compared":[241],"existing":[244],"scheme.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
