{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2887038627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icufn.2018.8436988","title":"Real-Time Drowsiness Detection Algorithm for Driver State Monitoring Systems","display_name":"Real-Time Drowsiness Detection Algorithm for Driver State Monitoring Systems","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2887038627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icufn.2018.8436988","mag":"2887038627"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icufn.2018.8436988","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icufn.2018.8436988","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 Tenth International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091305003","display_name":"Jang-Woon Baek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5988-9276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jang Woon Baek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040766059","display_name":"Byung-Gil Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Byung-Gil Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064858861","display_name":"Kwang\u2010Ju Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8458-4506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwang-Ju Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109036159","display_name":"Yun-Su Chung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun-Su Chung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017252428","display_name":"Soo In Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4023-8841"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soo-In Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8178,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95205847,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"73","last_page":"75"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7751678228378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.704957127571106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landmark","display_name":"Landmark","score":0.6155634522438049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5836958885192871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.5365797281265259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5166409611701965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5058541297912598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaboost","display_name":"AdaBoost","score":0.468664288520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.46707892417907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3773342967033386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.36142486333847046}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7751678228378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.704957127571106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780297707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4895393","display_name":"Landmark","level":2,"score":0.6155634522438049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5836958885192871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.5365797281265259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5166409611701965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5058541297912598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141404830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2823869","display_name":"AdaBoost","level":3,"score":0.468664288520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.46707892417907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3773342967033386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.36142486333847046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icufn.2018.8436988","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icufn.2018.8436988","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 Tenth International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1964846093","https://openalex.org/W1975640241","https://openalex.org/W1998294030","https://openalex.org/W2058961190","https://openalex.org/W2141660036","https://openalex.org/W2192398363","https://openalex.org/W2279055374","https://openalex.org/W2761359332","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W6644049887","https://openalex.org/W6649778027","https://openalex.org/W6695181488","https://openalex.org/W6785652829"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2096042813","https://openalex.org/W2047758967","https://openalex.org/W2294130405","https://openalex.org/W2242267494","https://openalex.org/W2116589437","https://openalex.org/W2392583168","https://openalex.org/W2373143428","https://openalex.org/W2063332791","https://openalex.org/W2041461853","https://openalex.org/W1877595604"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,34],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"proposes":[4],"a":[5,11],"novel":[6],"drowsiness":[7],"detection":[8],"algorithm":[9,18,42,57,92,122,135],"using":[10,108],"camera":[12,114],"near":[13],"the":[14,20,24,28,31,38,40,49,55,74,85,101,106,112,118,125,133,138],"dashboard.":[15],"The":[16,90,120,129],"proposed":[17,41,56,91,121,134],"detects":[19],"driver's":[21],"face":[22,32,64],"in":[23,30,87,124,137],"image":[25],"and":[26,140],"estimates":[27],"landmarks":[29,86],"region.":[33,89],"order":[35],"to":[36],"detect":[37],"face,":[39],"uses":[43,58],"an":[44],"AdaBoost":[45],"classifier":[46],"based":[47],"on":[48,100],"Modified":[50],"Census":[51],"Transform":[52],"features.":[53],"And":[54],"regressing":[59],"Local":[60],"Binary":[61],"Features":[62],"for":[63],"landmark":[65],"detection.":[66],"Eye":[67,77],"states":[68],"(closed,":[69],"open)":[70],"is":[71,81,116],"determined":[72],"by":[73,84],"value":[75],"of":[76],"Aspect":[78],"Ratio":[79],"which":[80,115],"easily":[82],"calculated":[83],"eye":[88],"provides":[93],"realtime":[94],"performance":[95],"that":[96,132],"can":[97],"be":[98],"run":[99],"embedded":[102],"device.":[103],"We":[104],"obtained":[105],"dataset":[107],"video":[109],"records":[110],"from":[111],"infrared":[113],"used":[117],"real-field.":[119],"tested":[123],"target":[126],"board":[127],"(i.mx6q).":[128],"result":[130],"shows":[131],"outperformed":[136],"speed":[139],"accuracy.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}