{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3023278666","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton51198.2020.9203100","title":"VM Placement over WDM-TDM AWGR PON Based Data Centre Architecture","display_name":"VM Placement over WDM-TDM AWGR PON Based Data Centre Architecture","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3023278666","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton51198.2020.9203100","mag":"3023278666"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton51198.2020.9203100","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton51198.2020.9203100","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 22nd International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.03590","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061279223","display_name":"Azza E. A. Eltraify","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azza E. A. Eltraify","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK","School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK LS2 9JT"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK LS2 9JT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022676030","display_name":"Sanaa Hamid Mohamed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6234-1906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanaa Hamid Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK","School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK LS2 9JT"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK LS2 9JT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088539425","display_name":"Jaafar M. H. Elmirghani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3319-9103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaafar M. H. Elmirghani","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK","University of Leeds"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Leeds","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05126798,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.6849001049995422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6791042685508728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center","display_name":"Data center","score":0.5840985774993896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-optical-network","display_name":"Passive optical network","score":0.5751718878746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.569683849811554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.552371084690094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5461280941963196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer-programming","display_name":"Integer programming","score":0.49603280425071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.4810926616191864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","score":0.4758205711841583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3236099183559418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2066611349582672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08579114079475403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.08207863569259644}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.6849001049995422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6791042685508728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.5840985774993896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204827203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027795","display_name":"Passive optical network","level":4,"score":0.5751718878746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.569683849811554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.552371084690094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5461280941963196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56086750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042592","display_name":"Integer programming","level":2,"score":0.49603280425071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.4810926616191864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160724564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620670","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.4758205711841583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3236099183559418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2066611349582672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08579114079475403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.08207863569259644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton51198.2020.9203100","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton51198.2020.9203100","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 22nd International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:167653","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Proceedings Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2005.03590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2005.03590","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.03590","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3023278666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.03590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2005.03590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2005.03590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2005.03590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2005.03590","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.03590","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1301389261","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/S016570/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1393874848","display_name":"SwiTching And tRansmission (STAR)","funder_award_id":"EP/K016873/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2223494912","display_name":"Terabit Bidirectional Multi-user Optical Wireless System (TOWS) for 6G LiFi","funder_award_id":"EP/S016570/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2995055066","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/K016873/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3913854943","display_name":"INTelligent Energy awaRe NETworks (INTERNET)","funder_award_id":"EP/H040536/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6002839104","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/H040536/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3023278666.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3023278666.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1550184400","https://openalex.org/W1965147469","https://openalex.org/W1982827462","https://openalex.org/W2003629566","https://openalex.org/W2047026753","https://openalex.org/W2056698322","https://openalex.org/W2064124275","https://openalex.org/W2081822890","https://openalex.org/W2099692426","https://openalex.org/W2100902537","https://openalex.org/W2112891124","https://openalex.org/W2138128664","https://openalex.org/W2140605166","https://openalex.org/W2158085413","https://openalex.org/W2158247497","https://openalex.org/W2160335856","https://openalex.org/W2163187605","https://openalex.org/W2338704583","https://openalex.org/W2405242611","https://openalex.org/W2567670433","https://openalex.org/W2583511666","https://openalex.org/W2586581124","https://openalex.org/W2587852884","https://openalex.org/W2765796621","https://openalex.org/W2768175735","https://openalex.org/W2775876068","https://openalex.org/W2784643306","https://openalex.org/W2786786708","https://openalex.org/W2796365083","https://openalex.org/W2886055216","https://openalex.org/W2887277228","https://openalex.org/W2893480441","https://openalex.org/W2904030287","https://openalex.org/W2904953176","https://openalex.org/W2905819891","https://openalex.org/W2973969627","https://openalex.org/W2974499988","https://openalex.org/W6664468333","https://openalex.org/W6683164604"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3088085181","https://openalex.org/W3094765788","https://openalex.org/W3171184917","https://openalex.org/W2940305579","https://openalex.org/W2338704583","https://openalex.org/W2398955029","https://openalex.org/W2405242611","https://openalex.org/W140080077","https://openalex.org/W2603796044","https://openalex.org/W2586581124","https://openalex.org/W2017531046","https://openalex.org/W3047806203","https://openalex.org/W2520657177","https://openalex.org/W2064624544","https://openalex.org/W2905819891","https://openalex.org/W1988961207","https://openalex.org/W53203685","https://openalex.org/W2742976374","https://openalex.org/W2004694265","https://openalex.org/W189990364"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Passive":[0],"optical":[1],"networks":[2],"(PON)":[3],"can":[4,130],"play":[5],"a":[6,27],"vital":[7],"role":[8],"in":[9,70,120,125],"data":[10,50,72],"centres":[11],"and":[12,20,60,79,103,116],"access":[13],"fog":[14],"solutions":[15],"by":[16,136],"providing":[17],"scalable,":[18],"cost":[19],"energy":[21,44],"efficient":[22,45,82],"architectures.":[23],"This":[24],"paper":[25],"proposes":[26],"Mixed":[28],"Integer":[29],"Linear":[30],"Programming":[31],"(MILP)":[32],"model":[33],"to":[34,97,138,141],"optimize":[35],"the":[36,56,64,71,76,111,114,121,126,132,142,145],"placement":[37],"of":[38,58,67,84,113,123,144],"virtual":[39],"machines":[40],"(VMs)":[41],"over":[42],"an":[43],"WDM-TDM":[46,127],"AWGR":[47,128],"PON":[48,129],"based":[49],"centre":[51,73],"architecture.":[52],"In":[53],"this":[54],"optimization,":[55],"use":[57],"VMs":[59,99,124],"their":[61],"requirements":[62],"affect":[63],"optimum":[65],"number":[66],"servers":[68,85],"utilized":[69],"when":[74],"minimizing":[75],"power":[77,89,118,134,147],"consumption":[78,90,119,135],"enabling":[80],"more":[81],"utilization":[83],"is":[86],"considered.":[87],"Two":[88],"minimization":[91,112,143],"objectives":[92],"were":[93],"examined":[94],"for":[95],"up":[96,137],"20":[98],"with":[100],"different":[101],"computing":[102],"networking":[104,117,133],"requirements.":[105],"The":[106],"results":[107],"indicate":[108],"that":[109],"considering":[110],"processing":[115,146],"allocation":[122],"reduce":[131],"70%":[139],"compared":[140],"consumption.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}