{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2751792023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2017.8025030","title":"A low-complexity heterodyne CV-QKD architecture","display_name":"A low-complexity heterodyne CV-QKD architecture","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2751792023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2017.8025030","mag":"2751792023"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton.2017.8025030","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2017.8025030","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 19th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014472357","display_name":"Hans H. Brunner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4878-0435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129353","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/038cdme44","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hans H. Brunner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001815834","display_name":"L. C. Comandar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7444-3598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129353","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/038cdme44","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucian C. Comandar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045719605","display_name":"Fotini Karinou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-8713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129353","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/038cdme44","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fotini Karinou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032888669","display_name":"S. Bettelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7900-5696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129353","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/038cdme44","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Bettelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021117594","display_name":"D. Hillerkuss","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7937-8986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129353","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/038cdme44","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Hillerkuss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037989453","display_name":"Fred Fung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1417-4995"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129353","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/038cdme44","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fred Fung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100445419","display_name":"Dawei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8164-2862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129353","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/038cdme44","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dawei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104707161","display_name":"Spiros Mikroulis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129353","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/038cdme44","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Spiros Mikroulis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101659495","display_name":"Yi Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5590-3819"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129353","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/038cdme44","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004909989","display_name":"Maxim Kuschnerov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4429-5985"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129353","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/038cdme44","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maxim Kuschnerov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025832173","display_name":"Andreas Poppe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129353","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/038cdme44","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Poppe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103476227","display_name":"Changsong Xie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129353","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/038cdme44","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changsong Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017865060","display_name":"Momtchil Peev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-0409"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129353","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/038cdme44","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Momtchil Peev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129353"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129353"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8586,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89352215,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-key-distribution","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","score":0.8221588730812073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6737236976623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5309239029884338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5022544860839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.483277827501297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.358712762594223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon","display_name":"Photon","score":0.22268643975257874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.19498860836029053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1510978639125824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.14938992261886597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.13612455129623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.13082706928253174}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95466800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027298","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","level":3,"score":0.8221588730812073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6737236976623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5309239029884338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5022544860839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.483277827501297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.358712762594223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159317903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198","display_name":"Photon","level":2,"score":0.22268643975257874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19498860836029053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1510978639125824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.14938992261886597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13612455129623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.13082706928253174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton.2017.8025030","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2017.8025030","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 19th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1910706370","https://openalex.org/W1962416004","https://openalex.org/W1977148550","https://openalex.org/W1988256065","https://openalex.org/W1994461448","https://openalex.org/W2011725149","https://openalex.org/W2057334759","https://openalex.org/W2105027281","https://openalex.org/W2169307034","https://openalex.org/W2320852351","https://openalex.org/W2415952269","https://openalex.org/W2473315843","https://openalex.org/W3101716043","https://openalex.org/W3104620226","https://openalex.org/W3106153372","https://openalex.org/W3122425631","https://openalex.org/W6641054701","https://openalex.org/W6785614163"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2314556459","https://openalex.org/W4313487304","https://openalex.org/W2736059005","https://openalex.org/W2355663289","https://openalex.org/W2982399888","https://openalex.org/W2035131364","https://openalex.org/W2106913410","https://openalex.org/W4380372336","https://openalex.org/W2071612327","https://openalex.org/W2157521655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,32],"contrast":[1],"to":[2,63,69],"the":[3,18,67,70,75,81],"more":[4],"prominent":[5],"discrete-variable":[6],"quantum":[7],"key":[8],"distribution":[9],"(DV-QKD),":[10],"which":[11],"requires":[12],"specialized":[13],"hardware":[14],"like":[15],"single-photon":[16],"detectors,":[17],"continuous-variable":[19],"version":[20],"(CV-QKD)":[21],"promises":[22],"low-cost":[23,85],"and":[24,45,51,59,79],"high-performance":[25],"implementations":[26],"by":[27],"leveraging":[28],"mature":[29],"telecommunication":[30],"technology.":[31],"this":[33],"paper":[34],"we":[35],"demonstrate":[36],"a":[37,84],"simplified":[38],"CV-QKD":[39],"architecture":[40],"based":[41],"on":[42],"analog":[43,68],"frontends":[44],"digitizers":[46],"for":[47,83],"mobile":[48],"communication":[49],"systems":[50],"standard":[52],"optical":[53],"components.":[54],"The":[55],"high-fidelity,":[56],"software-defined":[57],"receiver":[58],"transmitter":[60],"allow":[61],"us":[62],"shift":[64],"complexity":[65],"from":[66],"digital":[71],"domain,":[72],"thus":[73],"simplifying":[74],"system,":[76],"improving":[77],"robustness":[78],"paving":[80],"way":[82],"implementation.":[86]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}