{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2751480417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2017.8024762","title":"Performance analysis of visible light communication systems over fading channels","display_name":"Performance analysis of visible light communication systems over fading channels","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2751480417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2017.8024762","mag":"2751480417"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton.2017.8024762","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2017.8024762","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 19th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057302558","display_name":"Haitham S. Khallaf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7057-5235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3089115","display_name":"Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/04hd0yz67","country_code":"EG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3089115"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150948","display_name":"Zewail City of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04w5f4y88","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150948"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haitham S. Khallaf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atomic Energy Authority of Egypt, Nuclear Research Center, Egypt","Center for Photonics and Smart Materials, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atomic Energy Authority of Egypt, Nuclear Research Center, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3089115"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Photonics and Smart Materials, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069069322","display_name":"Abdallah S. Ghazy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8726-7597"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184834183","display_name":"Al-Azhar University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fnp1145","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184834183"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdallah S. Ghazy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Azher University, Cairo, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Azher University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184834183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079360204","display_name":"Hossam M. H. Shalaby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5099-3598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84524832","display_name":"Alexandria University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mzz1w90","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84524832"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossam M. H. Shalaby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84524832"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036372827","display_name":"S. S. A. Obayya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2436-0791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150948","display_name":"Zewail City of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04w5f4y88","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150948"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salah S. A. Obayya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Photonics and Smart Materials, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Photonics and Smart Materials, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057302558"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3089115","https://openalex.org/I4210150948"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2867,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59459609,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.967199981212616,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.8118596076965332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.8040121793746948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qam","display_name":"QAM","score":0.7207123637199402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5575225353240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5549992918968201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-position-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-position modulation","score":0.5470687747001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.5410254597663879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5132167339324951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.4998910427093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","score":0.48629555106163025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.44787225127220154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.44560563564300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.313222199678421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.22669082880020142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse","display_name":"Pulse (music)","score":0.1879417598247528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.1846751570701599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18130186200141907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11123442649841309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.06476503610610962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.8118596076965332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.8040121793746948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59030546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7265371","display_name":"QAM","level":5,"score":0.7207123637199402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5575225353240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5549992918968201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46035914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1767289","display_name":"Pulse-position modulation","level":5,"score":0.5470687747001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.5410254597663879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5132167339324951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.4998910427093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20518276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186130","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.48629555106163025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.44787225127220154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.44560563564300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.313222199678421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.22669082880020142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780167933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652","display_name":"Pulse (music)","level":3,"score":0.1879417598247528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.1846751570701599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18130186200141907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11123442649841309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.06476503610610962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton.2017.8024762","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2017.8024762","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 19th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8700000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966370141","https://openalex.org/W2009227879","https://openalex.org/W2019555740","https://openalex.org/W2073681605","https://openalex.org/W2144644352","https://openalex.org/W2580688962"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1201724995","https://openalex.org/W4312120812","https://openalex.org/W4242733035","https://openalex.org/W2363311713","https://openalex.org/W1970863749","https://openalex.org/W3036803584","https://openalex.org/W2357198663","https://openalex.org/W2476647282","https://openalex.org/W4400390723","https://openalex.org/W2361503959"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,65],"performance":[1,73],"of":[2,33,74,93,100,113,126],"visible":[3],"light":[4],"communication":[5],"(VLC)":[6],"systems,":[7],"adopting":[8,54],"hybrid":[9,55,96,121],"modulation":[10,22,26],"techniques,":[11],"is":[12,30,116],"investigated":[13],"under":[14,37,58],"dynamic":[15,59],"fading":[16],"channels.":[17],"Hybrid":[18],"M-ary":[19],"quadrature":[20],"amplitude":[21],"and":[23,46,77,84],"multi-pulse":[24],"pulse-position":[25],"(hybrid":[27],"QAM-MPPM)":[28],"scheme":[29,57,97,122],"considered":[31],"because":[32],"its":[34],"high-power":[35],"efficiency":[36],"constrained":[38],"spectral":[39],"efficiency.":[40],"Expressions":[41],"for":[42,51],"bit-error":[43],"rate":[44],"(BER)":[45],"outage":[47,111],"probability":[48,112],"are":[49,68],"derived":[50,66],"VLC":[52,76,114],"systems":[53,115],"QAM-MPPM":[56],"channels":[60],"modeled":[61],"by":[62,103],"Rayleigh":[63],"distribution.":[64],"expressions":[67],"used":[69],"to":[70,80,124],"investigate":[71],"the":[72,91,94,110,120],"proposed":[75,95],"compare":[78],"it":[79],"corresponding":[81],"ordinary":[82,101,127],"QAM":[83,128],"MPPM":[85,102],"schemes.":[86],"Our":[87],"results":[88],"reveal":[89],"that":[90,99,125],"BER":[92],"outperforms":[98],"more":[104],"than":[105],"4":[106],"dB.":[107],"In":[108],"addition,":[109],"improved":[117],"when":[118],"using":[119],"compared":[123],"scheme.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
