{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2750734205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2017.8024735","title":"Energy efficiency analysis with different modulation formats in elastic optical networks","display_name":"Energy efficiency analysis with different modulation formats in elastic optical networks","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2750734205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2017.8024735","mag":"2750734205"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton.2017.8024735","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2017.8024735","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 19th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012217733","display_name":"\u00canio Luciano Vieira Barbosa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3121799822","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Piau\u00ed","ror":"https://ror.org/00kwnx126","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u00canio Luciano V. Barbosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550, Teresina, Brazil","Federal University of Piau\u00ed, Teresina, Piau\u00ed, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550, Teresina, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Piau\u00ed, Teresina, Piau\u00ed, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089533649","display_name":"\u00cdtalo Brasileiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4298-4920"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3121799822","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Piau\u00ed","ror":"https://ror.org/00kwnx126","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00cdtalo B. Brasileiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550, Teresina, Brazil","Federal University of Piau\u00ed, Teresina, Piau\u00ed, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550, Teresina, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Piau\u00ed, Teresina, Piau\u00ed, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088021525","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Soares","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3909-8610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3121799822","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Piau\u00ed","ror":"https://ror.org/00kwnx126","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andr\u00e9 C.B. Soares","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550, Teresina, Brazil","Federal University of Piau\u00ed, Teresina, Piau\u00ed, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550, Teresina, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Piau\u00ed, Teresina, Piau\u00ed, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041515086","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 V. dos Reis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9556-5471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3121799822","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Piau\u00ed","ror":"https://ror.org/00kwnx126","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 V. dos Reis J\u00fanior","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550, Teresina, Brazil","Federal University of Piau\u00ed, 64049-550, Teresina, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550, Teresina, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Piau\u00ed, 64049-550, Teresina, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012217733"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.43,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65327897,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.7910052537918091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.7607980370521545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5895670652389526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.5729218125343323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5205965042114258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link-adaptation","display_name":"Link adaptation","score":0.513480007648468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.49181678891181946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.48644375801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude-and-phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Amplitude and phase-shift keying","score":0.47250163555145264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dijkstras-algorithm","display_name":"Dijkstra's algorithm","score":0.46843084692955017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blocking","display_name":"Blocking (statistics)","score":0.4476704001426697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.444004625082016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keying","display_name":"Keying","score":0.41088831424713135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3992675840854645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3140419125556946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3113986551761627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.3029504418373108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2548014521598816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2173621654510498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.19390767812728882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.13361963629722595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shortest-path-problem","display_name":"Shortest path problem","score":0.09643697738647461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.06913933157920837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.06695389747619629}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.7910052537918091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.7607980370521545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5895670652389526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.5729218125343323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5205965042114258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138916503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2714551","display_name":"Link adaptation","level":4,"score":0.513480007648468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.49181678891181946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.48644375801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127240579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477229","display_name":"Amplitude and phase-shift keying","level":5,"score":0.47250163555145264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173870130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8548","display_name":"Dijkstra's algorithm","level":4,"score":0.46843084692955017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144745244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Blocking (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4476704001426697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.444004625082016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.41088831424713135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3992675840854645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3140419125556946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3113986551761627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.3029504418373108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2548014521598816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2173621654510498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.19390767812728882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.13361963629722595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22590252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058754","display_name":"Shortest path problem","level":3,"score":0.09643697738647461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.06913933157920837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.06695389747619629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton.2017.8024735","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2017.8024735","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 19th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1943936177","https://openalex.org/W1951291553","https://openalex.org/W1982508071","https://openalex.org/W1994409557","https://openalex.org/W1998868238","https://openalex.org/W2005696775","https://openalex.org/W2053537450","https://openalex.org/W2123562112","https://openalex.org/W2133557258","https://openalex.org/W2169528473","https://openalex.org/W2383449848","https://openalex.org/W2508155828","https://openalex.org/W2509824931","https://openalex.org/W2586540117","https://openalex.org/W2599680846"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2626684509","https://openalex.org/W3195002557","https://openalex.org/W2893995248","https://openalex.org/W1993560407","https://openalex.org/W1985234637","https://openalex.org/W2148868771","https://openalex.org/W2028215865","https://openalex.org/W2766164338","https://openalex.org/W2152491811","https://openalex.org/W3101849977"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,80,107],"energy":[1,26,78,105,122,151],"efficiency":[2,27],"in":[3,23,31,64],"telecommunication":[4],"networks":[5],"is":[6],"gaining":[7],"more":[8,92,95],"relevance":[9],"with":[10,87,103],"the":[11,21,37,65,75,85,98,112],"actual":[12],"increasing":[13],"traffic":[14],"demand.":[15],"In":[16],"this":[17],"paper,":[18],"we":[19],"compare":[20],"performance":[22],"terms":[24],"of":[25,77,100],"and":[28,39,55,70,119,126,135,147,155,164],"blocking":[29,129,158],"rate":[30,130,159],"elastic":[32],"optical":[33],"network":[34],"(EON)":[35],"for":[36,74,138],"NSFNET":[38,139],"USA":[40,168],"topologies,":[41],"by":[42],"adopting":[43],"three":[44],"modulations":[45],"formats:":[46],"Binary":[47],"Phase-Shift":[48,52],"Keying":[49,53],"(BPSK),":[50],"Quadrature":[51,56],"(QPSK)":[54],"Amplitude":[57],"Modulation":[58,68],"(16QAM).":[59],"An":[60],"adaptation":[61],"was":[62],"made":[63],"Routing":[66],"algorithm":[67,83,115],"Level":[69],"Spectrum":[71],"Allocation":[72],"(RMLSA)":[73],"analysis":[76],"efficiency.":[79,106],"RMLSA":[81,113,136,165],"adapted":[82,114],"chooses":[84],"route":[86],"a":[88,101],"modulation":[89,102],"other":[90],"than":[91],"robust":[93],"or":[94],"complex,":[96],"forcing":[97],"use":[99],"intermediate":[104],"obtained":[108,116],"results":[109],"showed":[110],"that":[111],"1.1%":[117],"higher":[118,146],"38.5%":[120],"lower":[121,128,157],"efficiency,":[123,152],"however":[124,153],"91.3%":[125],"84.4%":[127],"when":[131,160],"compared":[132,161],"to":[133,148,162],"Dijkstra":[134,163],"algorithms":[137,166],"topology,":[140,169],"respectively.":[141,170],"Additionally,":[142],"it":[143],"presented":[144],"1.11%":[145],"38.14%":[149],"lowers":[150],"25.29%":[154],"41.50%":[156],"on":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}