{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1547316905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2015.7193352","title":"Transistor lasers and their expected applications in microwave photonics","display_name":"Transistor lasers and their expected applications in microwave photonics","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1547316905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2015.7193352","mag":"1547316905"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton.2015.7193352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2015.7193352","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 17th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017299149","display_name":"Stavros Iezekiel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5933-3489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34771391","display_name":"University of Cyprus","ror":"https://ror.org/02qjrjx09","country_code":"CY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]}],"countries":["CY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stavros Iezekiel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus","Dept of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090832599","display_name":"Mattias Hammar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9040-4740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mattias Hammar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden","Sch. of Inf. & Commun. Technol., KTH, Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Inf. & Commun. Technol., KTH, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017299149"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02537171,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intermodulation","display_name":"Intermodulation","score":0.7725191116333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.6489822864532471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.6071118712425232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonics","display_name":"Photonics","score":0.6042433977127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photodiode","display_name":"Photodiode","score":0.5487734079360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.5372199416160583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiconductor-laser-theory","display_name":"Semiconductor laser theory","score":0.5138585567474365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diode","display_name":"Diode","score":0.49265700578689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.46712854504585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.44424381852149963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.4306834638118744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3740941882133484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3338289260864258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.27522730827331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.25316691398620605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.20940068364143372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.1880807876586914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.18267783522605896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18056875467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14933514595031738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11773624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142232","display_name":"Intermodulation","level":4,"score":0.7725191116333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.6489822864532471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.6071118712425232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.6042433977127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C751236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175943","display_name":"Photodiode","level":2,"score":0.5487734079360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.5372199416160583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121477167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17154002","display_name":"Semiconductor laser theory","level":3,"score":0.5138585567474365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.49265700578689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.46712854504585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.44424381852149963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4306834638118744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3740941882133484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3338289260864258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.27522730827331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.25316691398620605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.20940068364143372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.1880807876586914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.18267783522605896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18056875467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14933514595031738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton.2015.7193352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2015.7193352","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 17th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979253025","https://openalex.org/W1986097419","https://openalex.org/W1989138307","https://openalex.org/W1991521478","https://openalex.org/W1994091225","https://openalex.org/W2009204165","https://openalex.org/W2015433952","https://openalex.org/W2023066092","https://openalex.org/W2028766823","https://openalex.org/W2079736713","https://openalex.org/W2082285246","https://openalex.org/W2084466743","https://openalex.org/W2087538140","https://openalex.org/W2090014278","https://openalex.org/W2111395614","https://openalex.org/W2127495196","https://openalex.org/W2314769924","https://openalex.org/W2333091673","https://openalex.org/W3101805862","https://openalex.org/W6671484593","https://openalex.org/W6676622555"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2147869365","https://openalex.org/W1977117755","https://openalex.org/W4224285256","https://openalex.org/W2533026854","https://openalex.org/W1640309850","https://openalex.org/W4251369873","https://openalex.org/W2031784838","https://openalex.org/W2143493434","https://openalex.org/W2163719847","https://openalex.org/W2159762729"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"transistor":[1,19],"laser":[2,22],"is":[3,9],"a":[4,16,21,41,99],"relatively":[5],"new":[6],"device":[7,34],"that":[8],"based":[10],"on":[11],"the":[12,32,56,66,72,85],"homogeneous":[13],"integration":[14],"of":[15,43,74,89,101,103],"heterojunction":[17],"bipolar":[18],"with":[20],"diode.":[23],"As":[24],"such":[25],"it":[26],"offers":[27],"very":[28],"unique":[29],"functionality,":[30],"and":[31,55,63,87,92,108],"different":[33],"dynamics":[35],"(compared":[36],"to":[37,58,64,94],"conventional":[38],"lasers)":[39],"offer":[40],"number":[42,100],"benefits,":[44],"included":[45],"increased":[46],"modulation":[47],"bandwidth,":[48],"reduced":[49,51],"chirp,":[50],"relative":[52],"intensity":[53],"noise":[54],"option":[57],"both":[59,84],"reduce":[60],"intermodulation":[61],"distortion":[62],"eliminate":[65],"need":[67],"for":[68],"monitor":[69],"photodiodes":[70],"thorough":[71],"use":[73],"collector":[75],"current":[76],"feedback.":[77],"Here":[78],"we":[79],"review":[80],"recent":[81],"progress":[82],"in":[83,98],"fabrication":[86],"modelling":[88],"this":[90],"device,":[91],"point":[93],"its":[95],"potential":[96],"applications":[97],"areas":[102],"microwave":[104],"photonics,":[105],"including":[106],"links":[107],"optoelectronic":[109],"mixing.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}