{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2023347209","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2014.6876578","title":"Power distribution of short free space optical propagation","display_name":"Power distribution of short free space optical propagation","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2023347209","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2014.6876578","mag":"2023347209"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton.2014.6876578","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2014.6876578","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 16th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005143596","display_name":"Pirmin Pezzei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9907-8227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4092182","display_name":"Graz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7xrm67","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pirmin Pezzei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microwave and Photonic Engineering, Graz, Austria","Inst. of Microwave & Photonic Eng., Graz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microwave and Photonic Engineering, Graz, Austria","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Microwave & Photonic Eng., Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038851211","display_name":"Clemens Wurster","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087419","display_name":"Rosenberger (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/010t6g940","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087419"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clemens Wurster","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rosenberger-Otil GmbH & Co. OHG, Augsburg, Germany","Rosenberger-OSI GmbH & Co. OHG, Augsburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rosenberger-Otil GmbH & Co. OHG, Augsburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087419"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rosenberger-OSI GmbH & Co. OHG, Augsburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087419"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057404177","display_name":"M. Wollitzer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087419","display_name":"Rosenberger (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/010t6g940","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087419"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Wollitzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik GmbH & Co. KG, Fridolfing, Germany","Rosenberger Hochfrequenztech. GmbH & Co. KG, Fridolfing, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik GmbH & Co. KG, Fridolfing, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087419"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rosenberger Hochfrequenztech. GmbH & Co. KG, Fridolfing, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087419"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015128861","display_name":"Martin Fuchs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5024-8969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087419","display_name":"Rosenberger (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/010t6g940","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087419"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Fuchs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik GmbH & Co. KG, Fridolfing, Germany","Rosenberger Hochfrequenztech. GmbH & Co. KG, Fridolfing, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik GmbH & Co. KG, Fridolfing, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087419"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rosenberger Hochfrequenztech. GmbH & Co. KG, Fridolfing, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087419"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006834895","display_name":"Erich Leitgeb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2670-8336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4092182","display_name":"Graz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7xrm67","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erich Leitgeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microwave and Photonic Engineering, Graz, Austria","Inst. of Microwave & Photonic Eng., Graz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microwave and Photonic Engineering, Graz, Austria","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Microwave & Photonic Eng., Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3232","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.7227861881256104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-power","display_name":"Optical power","score":0.6851873397827148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.6483441591262817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.6003135442733765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-space","display_name":"Free space","score":0.5865556597709656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","score":0.5366774201393127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.48800650238990784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.4795253276824951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-space-optical-communication","display_name":"Free-space optical communication","score":0.4723469018936157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-wave","display_name":"Continuous wave","score":0.4538404643535614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4506644010543823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diode","display_name":"Diode","score":0.44697511196136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-link","display_name":"Optical link","score":0.4266306757926941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-divergence","display_name":"Beam divergence","score":0.4251164197921753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-diode","display_name":"Laser diode","score":0.4205654263496399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.4204859733581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.3326674699783325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3012050688266754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.19686633348464966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-beams","display_name":"Laser beams","score":0.1580561399459839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15805310010910034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-beam-quality","display_name":"Laser beam quality","score":0.07651877403259277}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7227861881256104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191161701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q559265","display_name":"Optical power","level":3,"score":0.6851873397827148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.6483441591262817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6003135442733765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988672794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11475","display_name":"Free space","level":2,"score":0.5865556597709656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207390915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230525","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5366774201393127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.48800650238990784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.4795253276824951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197000039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2027432","display_name":"Free-space optical communication","level":3,"score":0.4723469018936157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99568719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129003","display_name":"Continuous wave","level":3,"score":0.4538404643535614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4506644010543823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.44697511196136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777226104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098866","display_name":"Optical link","level":3,"score":0.4266306757926941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62172962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230543","display_name":"Beam divergence","level":5,"score":0.4251164197921753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777048131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321098","display_name":"Laser diode","level":3,"score":0.4205654263496399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4204859733581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.3326674699783325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3012050688266754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.19686633348464966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984025587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser beams","level":3,"score":0.1580561399459839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15805310010910034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115171683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6493038","display_name":"Laser beam quality","level":4,"score":0.07651877403259277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton.2014.6876578","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2014.6876578","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 16th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001615578","https://openalex.org/W2111854329","https://openalex.org/W2500906667","https://openalex.org/W2513655698","https://openalex.org/W2995803492","https://openalex.org/W4205684503","https://openalex.org/W6650799338","https://openalex.org/W6724329010","https://openalex.org/W6805642710"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2354356421","https://openalex.org/W2099530817","https://openalex.org/W2038016357","https://openalex.org/W4385362597","https://openalex.org/W2374251700","https://openalex.org/W2019126040","https://openalex.org/W2371716211","https://openalex.org/W2120678529","https://openalex.org/W2510022341","https://openalex.org/W2750726277"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,55],"this":[1,41],"paper":[2],"optical":[3,9,32,81],"power":[4,34,63,78],"distribution":[5,79],"of":[6,15,60,80],"free":[7],"space":[8],"propagation":[10],"depending":[11,64],"on":[12,65],"the":[13,16,58,61,66,77],"position":[14],"receiving":[17,50],"area":[18,51],"is":[19],"considered.":[20],"A":[21],"laser":[22],"diode":[23],"in":[24],"continuous":[25],"wave":[26],"mode":[27],"(cw-mode)":[28],"defined":[29],"by":[30],"total":[31],"emitted":[33],"and":[35,49],"divergence":[36],"angle":[37],"was":[38,52],"used":[39],"for":[40,73,85],"study.":[42],"The":[43],"maximal":[44],"observed":[45],"distance":[46],"between":[47],"source":[48],"10":[53],"mm.":[54],"addition":[56],"to":[57],"simulations":[59],"received":[62],"receiver's":[67],"position,":[68],"measurements":[69],"were":[70],"also":[71],"done":[72],"verification.":[74],"Considerations":[75],"concerning":[76],"sources":[82],"are":[83],"inevitable":[84],"calculating":[86],"link":[87],"budgets.":[88]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}