{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3151683691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictd.2009.5426683","title":"The case for SmartTrack","display_name":"The case for SmartTrack","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3151683691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictd.2009.5426683","mag":"3151683691"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictd.2009.5426683","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictd.2009.5426683","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development (ICTD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032481167","display_name":"Michael Paik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36672615","display_name":"Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/037tm7f56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36672615","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Paik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Courant Institute, New York University, NY","Courant Institute, New York University, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Courant Institute, New York University, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Courant Institute, New York University, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36672615","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032046158","display_name":"Ashlesh Sharma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36672615","display_name":"Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/037tm7f56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36672615","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashlesh Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Courant Institute, New York University, NY","Courant Institute, New York University, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Courant Institute, New York University, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Courant Institute, New York University, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36672615","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035785740","display_name":"Arthur Meacham","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36672615","display_name":"Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/037tm7f56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36672615","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arthur Meacham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Courant Institute, New York University, NY","Courant Institute, New York University, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Courant Institute, New York University, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Courant Institute, New York University, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36672615","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028925300","display_name":"Giulio Quarta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3776-1618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giulio Quarta","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, New York University, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, New York University, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032973383","display_name":"Philip Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7781-4350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, New York University, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, New York University, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061720637","display_name":"John M. Trahanas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8644-5489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Trahanas","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, New York University, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, New York University, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102976517","display_name":"Brian Neil Levine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2262-0617"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799503643","display_name":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01esghr10","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799503643"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Levine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799503643"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027497247","display_name":"Mary Ann Hopkins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5037-0315"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799503643","display_name":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01esghr10","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799503643"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary Ann Hopkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY","School of Medicine, New York University, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799503643"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, New York University, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016349610","display_name":"Barbara Rapchak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9234-780X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096445","display_name":"Leap of Faith Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00q2yft10","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096445"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara Rapchak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leap of Faith Inc., Crystal Lake, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leap of Faith Inc., Crystal Lake, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096445"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072232894","display_name":"Lakshminarayanan Subramanian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8101-1243"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36672615","display_name":"Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/037tm7f56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36672615","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lakshminarayanan Subramanian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Courant Institute, New York University, NY","Courant Institute, New York University, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Courant Institute, New York University, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Courant Institute, New York University, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36672615","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68289983,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"458","last_page":"467"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10987","display_name":"Microfinance and Financial Inclusion","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accountability","display_name":"Accountability","score":0.6765578985214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsidy","display_name":"Subsidy","score":0.5893517732620239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5667895674705505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counterfeit","display_name":"Counterfeit","score":0.4965837597846985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telehealth","display_name":"Telehealth","score":0.44155237078666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-change","display_name":"Language change","score":0.43527692556381226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.4324975609779358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-immunodeficiency-virus","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","score":0.4223480522632599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.40300893783569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.33321666717529297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-medicine","display_name":"Family medicine","score":0.19777226448059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telemedicine","display_name":"Telemedicine","score":0.17921596765518188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.17284560203552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.11219727993011475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.6765578985214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84265765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193219","display_name":"Subsidy","level":2,"score":0.5893517732620239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5667895674705505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779356469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502918","display_name":"Counterfeit","level":2,"score":0.4965837597846985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781050511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46994","display_name":"Telehealth","level":4,"score":0.44155237078666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780027415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524648","display_name":"Language change","level":2,"score":0.43527692556381226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4324975609779358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.4223480522632599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.40300893783569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.33321666717529297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.19777226448059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779891985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46994","display_name":"Telemedicine","level":3,"score":0.17921596765518188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.17284560203552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.11219727993011475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictd.2009.5426683","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictd.2009.5426683","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development (ICTD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7300000190734863}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/00x0ma614"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324164","display_name":"University of Cape Town","ror":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1756500360","https://openalex.org/W2024914273","https://openalex.org/W2100049335","https://openalex.org/W2105712668","https://openalex.org/W2111139064","https://openalex.org/W2134576619","https://openalex.org/W2147674697","https://openalex.org/W2151757429","https://openalex.org/W4206037471","https://openalex.org/W6637592406"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3191226418","https://openalex.org/W3170020535","https://openalex.org/W2970477638","https://openalex.org/W2357749344","https://openalex.org/W1539823648","https://openalex.org/W4323356230","https://openalex.org/W2912378903","https://openalex.org/W4389781895","https://openalex.org/W2362200800","https://openalex.org/W4290078996"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nearly":[0],"40":[1],"million":[2],"people":[3],"in":[4,78,142,161,170],"Africa":[5],"suffer":[6],"from":[7],"HIV/AIDS.":[8],"African":[9],"governments":[10,37],"and":[11,49,85,121,137,190,193,201],"international":[12],"aid":[13],"agencies":[14],"have":[15],"been":[16,59],"working":[17],"to":[18,69,82,102,115,197],"combat":[19],"this":[20,89,146],"epidemic":[21],"by":[22,36,45,61],"vigorously":[23],"promoting":[24],"Highly":[25],"Active":[26],"Anti-Retroviral":[27],"Therapy":[28],"(HAART)":[29],"programs.":[30,109,144],"Despite":[31],"the":[32,47,70,93,135,150,176],"enormous":[33],"subsidies":[34],"offered":[35],"along":[38],"with":[39,165],"free":[40],"Anti-RetroViral":[41],"(ARV)":[42],"drugs":[43,141],"supplied":[44],"agencies,":[46],"introduction":[48],"implementation":[50],"of":[51,67,76,112,139,153,173],"HAART":[52,108,143],"programs":[53],"on":[54],"a":[55,97,117,156,171,181],"large":[56],"scale":[57],"has":[58],"limited":[60],"two":[62,105],"fundamental":[63],"problems:":[64],"(a)":[65],"lack":[66,75],"adherence":[68],"ARV":[71,140],"therapy":[72],"regimen;":[73],"(b)":[74],"accountability":[77],"drug":[79,126],"distribution":[80],"due":[81],"theft,":[83],"corruption":[84],"counterfeit":[86],"medication.":[87],"In":[88,145],"paper,":[90,147],"we":[91,148],"motivate":[92],"case":[94],"for":[95,133],"SmartTrack,":[96],"telehealth":[98],"project":[99],"which":[100],"aims":[101],"address":[103],"these":[104],"problems":[106],"facing":[107],"The":[110],"goal":[111],"SmartTrack":[113,154,184],"is":[114],"create":[116],"highly":[118],"reliable,":[119],"secure":[120],"ultra":[122],"low-cost":[123],"cellphone-based":[124],"distributed":[125],"information":[127],"system":[128,182],"that":[129,180],"can":[130,194],"be":[131],"used":[132],"tracking":[134],"flow":[136],"consumption":[138],"assess":[149],"potential":[151],"benefit":[152,187],"using":[155,163],"detailed":[157],"needs-assessment":[158],"study":[159],"performed":[160],"Ghana,":[162],"interviews":[164],"516":[166],"HIV-positive":[167],"rural":[168],"patients":[169,189],"number":[172],"locations":[174],"across":[175],"country.":[177],"We":[178],"find":[179],"like":[183],"would":[185],"immensely":[186],"both":[188],"healthcare":[191],"providers,":[192],"ultimately":[195],"lead":[196],"improved":[198],"patient":[199],"outcomes":[200],"better":[202],"accountability.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
