{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130543418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc66702.2025.11388522","title":"A Survey on Reinforcement Learning Routing Algorithm Research in Delay/Disruption Tolerant Network","display_name":"A Survey on Reinforcement Learning Routing Algorithm Research in Delay/Disruption Tolerant Network","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130543418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc66702.2025.11388522"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc66702.2025.11388522","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc66702.2025.11388522","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 16th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039529443","display_name":"Gahyun Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gahyun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chung-Ang University,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Seoul,South Korea,06974"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chung-Ang University,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Seoul,South Korea,06974","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126425656","display_name":"Chihyun Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chihyun Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chung-Ang University,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Seoul,South Korea,06974"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chung-Ang University,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Seoul,South Korea,06974","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041978875","display_name":"Sungrae Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-688X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sungrae Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chung-Ang University,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Seoul,South Korea,06974"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chung-Ang University,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Seoul,South Korea,06974","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"247","last_page":"251"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8730999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.6335999965667725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-routing","display_name":"Adaptive routing","score":0.46320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.43209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.3995000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.39910000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link-state-routing-protocol","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","score":0.36329999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-algorithm","display_name":"Routing algorithm","score":0.34610000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8730999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7222999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.6335999965667725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.46790000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24856439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352483","display_name":"Adaptive routing","level":5,"score":0.46320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.43209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4156000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.3995000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.39910000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3903999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89305328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755411","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","level":4,"score":0.36329999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984173633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22725","display_name":"Routing algorithm","level":4,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195563490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180368","display_name":"Network congestion","level":3,"score":0.3456999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3361999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3246000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196423136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7209671","display_name":"Policy-based routing","level":5,"score":0.3093000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204948658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1119410","display_name":"Static routing","level":4,"score":0.29980000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76522221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5035396","display_name":"Multipath routing","level":5,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.29440000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.2854999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.2816999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2768999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203274722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001161","display_name":"Network performance","level":2,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188116033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2664563","display_name":"Q-learning","level":3,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.25589999556541443}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc66702.2025.11388522","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc66702.2025.11388522","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 16th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8897202610969543}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2044412513","https://openalex.org/W2097625638","https://openalex.org/W2099574482","https://openalex.org/W2130509337","https://openalex.org/W2134099818","https://openalex.org/W2548859221","https://openalex.org/W3016621379","https://openalex.org/W3094698217","https://openalex.org/W3124651551","https://openalex.org/W3133893905","https://openalex.org/W3149121757","https://openalex.org/W4205161126","https://openalex.org/W4290851429","https://openalex.org/W4308785120","https://openalex.org/W4319303185","https://openalex.org/W4380186494","https://openalex.org/W4403656117","https://openalex.org/W4405903921","https://openalex.org/W4407637291"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Delay/Disruption":[0],"Tolerant":[1],"Networks":[2],"(DTNs)":[3],"are":[4],"designed":[5],"to":[6,42,62,78,126],"operate":[7],"in":[8,134],"highly":[9],"challenging":[10],"environments":[11],"such":[12],"as":[13,38],"deep-space":[14],"communication,":[15],"underwater":[16],"networks,":[17],"and":[18,25,66,83,99,115,131],"opportunistic":[19],"IoT":[20],"scenarios,":[21],"where":[22],"intermittent":[23],"connectivity":[24],"long":[26],"delays":[27],"make":[28],"traditional":[29],"TCP/IP-based":[30],"routing":[31,49,91],"infeasible.":[32],"Reinforcement":[33],"learning":[34,47,76],"(RL)":[35],"has":[36,123],"emerged":[37],"a":[39],"promising":[40],"approach":[41],"address":[43,127],"these":[44],"challenges":[45],"by":[46],"adaptive":[48],"strategies":[50],"aligned":[51],"with":[52],"the":[53,107],"store-and-forward":[54],"paradigm":[55],"of":[56],"DTNs.":[57],"Early":[58],"studies":[59],"applied":[60,108],"Q-learning":[61,94],"optimize":[63],"next-hop":[64],"selection":[65],"energy":[67],"efficiency,":[68],"while":[69],"recent":[70],"works":[71],"have":[72],"incorporated":[73],"deep":[74,96],"reinforcement":[75],"(DRL)":[77],"handle":[79],"large":[80],"state":[81],"spaces":[82],"dynamic":[84],"environments.":[85],"This":[86],"survey":[87],"categorizes":[88],"RL-based":[89,144],"DTN":[90,135,145],"schemes":[92],"into":[93],"approaches,":[95],"RL":[97,109,122],"methods,":[98],"hybrid":[100],"models.":[101],"For":[102],"each":[103],"work,":[104],"we":[105,138],"summarize":[106],"algorithm,":[110],"network":[111],"scenario,":[112],"evaluation":[113],"metrics,":[114],"key":[116],"contributions.":[117],"We":[118],"also":[119],"highlight":[120],"how":[121],"been":[124],"extended":[125],"security,":[128],"congestion":[129],"control,":[130],"mobility":[132],"prediction":[133],"contexts.":[136],"Finally,":[137],"identify":[139],"future":[140],"directions":[141],"for":[142],"advancing":[143],"routing.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2026-02-20T00:00:00"}