{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4309969684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc55196.2022.9952368","title":"Improving Key Size and Bit-Security of Modified pqsigRM","display_name":"Improving Key Size and Bit-Security of Modified pqsigRM","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4309969684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc55196.2022.9952368"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc55196.2022.9952368","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc55196.2022.9952368","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607740","display_name":"2022 13th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 13th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069990132","display_name":"Jinkyu Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8653-733X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinkyu Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering INMC,Seoul,South Korea","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering INMC, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering INMC,Seoul,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering INMC, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100459252","display_name":"Yongwoo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9424-6498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongwoo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics,Suwon,South Korea","Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, Suwon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics,Suwon,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088045329","display_name":"Zahyun Koo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4232-5279"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zahyun Koo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering INMC,Seoul,South Korea","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering INMC, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering INMC,Seoul,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering INMC, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000078617","display_name":"Jong\u2010Seon No","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3946-0958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jong-Seon No","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering INMC,Seoul,South Korea","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering INMC, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering INMC,Seoul,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering INMC, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100774710","display_name":"Young Sik Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4114-4935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152238500","display_name":"Chosun University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zt9a375","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young-Sik Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chosun University,Department of Information and Communication Engineering,Gwangju,South Korea","Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chosun University,Department of Information and Communication Engineering,Gwangju,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1463","last_page":"1467"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7538013458251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.7261806726455688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6796128153800964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nist","display_name":"NIST","score":0.6684244871139526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signature","display_name":"Digital signature","score":0.6654160618782043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.5864462852478027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signature","display_name":"Signature (topology)","score":0.5832100510597229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-size","display_name":"Key size","score":0.5785332918167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardization","display_name":"Standardization","score":0.5394448041915894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-quantum-cryptography","display_name":"Post-quantum cryptography","score":0.5324678421020508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5025496482849121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.41645222902297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.40135347843170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3792717456817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.37518519163131714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3508484959602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.2612296938896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-function","display_name":"Hash function","score":0.17382359504699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15630540251731873}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7538013458251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.7261806726455688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6796128153800964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111219384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954384","display_name":"NIST","level":2,"score":0.6684244871139526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118463975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220849","display_name":"Digital signature","level":3,"score":0.6654160618782043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.5864462852478027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779696439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512811","display_name":"Signature (topology)","level":2,"score":0.5832100510597229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47750902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1557574","display_name":"Key size","level":4,"score":0.5785332918167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.5394448041915894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108277079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7233576","display_name":"Post-quantum cryptography","level":4,"score":0.5324678421020508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5025496482849121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41645222902297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.40135347843170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3792717456817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.37518519163131714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3508484959602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.2612296938896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99138194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183427","display_name":"Hash function","level":2,"score":0.17382359504699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15630540251731873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc55196.2022.9952368","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc55196.2022.9952368","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607740","display_name":"2022 13th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 13th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324891","display_name":"Iran Telecommunication Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01a3g2z22"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1595415026","https://openalex.org/W1872498068","https://openalex.org/W2004229705","https://openalex.org/W2103524940","https://openalex.org/W2121417875","https://openalex.org/W2126474167","https://openalex.org/W2135858790","https://openalex.org/W2168676717","https://openalex.org/W2260899646","https://openalex.org/W2404459910","https://openalex.org/W2591083178","https://openalex.org/W2611056906","https://openalex.org/W2913293170","https://openalex.org/W2986959318","https://openalex.org/W2990439290","https://openalex.org/W3034718291","https://openalex.org/W3091482432","https://openalex.org/W4243656947","https://openalex.org/W6713233520","https://openalex.org/W6765134580","https://openalex.org/W6770380337"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497363736","https://openalex.org/W2350215162","https://openalex.org/W2382634619","https://openalex.org/W3082967883","https://openalex.org/W254439514","https://openalex.org/W2017125388","https://openalex.org/W328824506","https://openalex.org/W2117915469","https://openalex.org/W4387407403","https://openalex.org/W4309969684"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,15],"importance":[1],"of":[2,30,107],"post-quantum":[3],"cryptography":[4],"(PQC),":[5],"which":[6,24],"is":[7,12,17],"secure":[8],"against":[9],"quantum":[10],"algorithms,":[11],"growing":[13],"larger.":[14],"pqsigRM":[16,43,147],"a":[18,87,99,116,163],"code-based":[19],"PQC":[20,33],"digital":[21],"signature":[22,64,67,73],"scheme":[23,37],"was":[25,38],"accepted":[26],"in":[27,72,80],"round":[28],"1":[29],"the":[31,41,50,103,112,124,145],"NIST's":[32],"standardization":[34,51],"process.":[35,52,83],"This":[36],"revised":[39],"as":[40],"modified":[42,108,146],"by":[44],"removing":[45],"all":[46],"known":[47],"vulnerabilities":[48],"during":[49],"Its":[53],"advantages":[54],"include":[55],"an":[56],"efficient":[57],"decoding":[58],"process,":[59],"proven":[60],"security,":[61],"and":[62,122,136,152],"small":[63],"sizes.":[65,93],"Small":[66],"sizes":[68,142],"are":[69,159],"very":[70],"useful":[71],"schemes":[74],"because":[75],"we":[76,97,130,158],"should":[77],"send":[78],"signatures":[79],"every":[81],"signing":[82],"However,":[84],"it":[85],"has":[86],"problem":[88],"with":[89],"large":[90],"public":[91,104,113,140],"key":[92,105,114,141],"In":[94],"this":[95],"paper,":[96],"propose":[98],"method":[100],"to":[101,133,144,161],"reduce":[102,132],"size":[106],"pqsigRM.":[109],"We":[110],"change":[111],"into":[115],"systematic":[117],"form,":[118],"improve":[119],"its":[120],"parameters,":[121],"fine-tune":[123],"bit-security":[125,166],"for":[126,149,167],"each":[127],"parameter.":[128],"Thus,":[129],"can":[131],"0.20,":[134],"0.40,":[135],"0.23":[137],"times":[138],"smaller":[139],"compared":[143],"parameters":[148],"80,":[150],"128,":[151],"256":[153],"security":[154],"levels,":[155],"respectively.":[156],"Also,":[157],"able":[160],"obtain":[162],"larger":[164],"exact":[165],"these":[168],"parameters.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}