{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200163318","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc52510.2021.9621046","title":"Hybrid peer-to-peer network based layered blockchain architecture for enhancement of synchronization performance","display_name":"Hybrid peer-to-peer network based layered blockchain architecture for enhancement of synchronization performance","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200163318","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc52510.2021.9621046"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc52510.2021.9621046","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc52510.2021.9621046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607766","display_name":"2021 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044971703","display_name":"Wook Hyun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wook Hyun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Standards & Open Source Research Division, Electronics Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Standards & Open Source Research Division, Electronics Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044971703"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.232,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74819607,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1461","last_page":"1463"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9521999955177307,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8501003980636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.7020121812820435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6335338354110718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.6248440742492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-to-peer","display_name":"Peer-to-peer","score":0.6012856364250183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.5939768552780151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.5441272854804993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5291785597801208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.18583247065544128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.11407241225242615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.10651451349258423}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8501003980636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.7020121812820435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6335338354110718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.6248440742492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534932454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161410","display_name":"Peer-to-peer","level":2,"score":0.6012856364250183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.5939768552780151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.5441272854804993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5291785597801208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.18583247065544128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.11407241225242615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.10651451349258423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc52510.2021.9621046","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc52510.2021.9621046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607766","display_name":"2021 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7541441375","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019-0-00456","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285815306","https://openalex.org/W2131630752","https://openalex.org/W1595983809","https://openalex.org/W2001888460","https://openalex.org/W2100136028","https://openalex.org/W1548706930","https://openalex.org/W2098672555","https://openalex.org/W4211017865","https://openalex.org/W1582490518","https://openalex.org/W3018207925"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,27,70,80,96,120,131,214],"the":[2,5,30,81,88,97,122,125,133,139,144,199,204,216,228,232],"nature":[3],"of":[4,32,40,48,56,65,73,124,143,190,231],"blockchain,":[6,126,177],"all":[7,72],"transaction":[8,217],"records":[9],"are":[10,184],"stored":[11],"and":[12,17,42,59,84,113,159,169,179,209,220],"maintained":[13],"as":[14,18,109,186,227],"chained":[15],"data,":[16,58],"time":[19,66],"goes":[20],"by,":[21],"their":[22],"size":[23,55,83],"will":[24,51,61],"inevitably":[25,92],"continue":[26],"accumulate.":[28],"In":[29,77,118,146,175,194],"case":[31],"a":[33,37,45,53,63,211],"block":[34,82,85,221],"chain":[35,57,75],"containing":[36],"large":[38,54],"number":[39],"transactions":[41],"blocks":[43],"over":[44],"long":[46],"period":[47],"time,":[49],"it":[50,60,127,226],"have":[52,115],"require":[62],"lot":[64],"for":[67,153,162],"new":[68],"nodes":[69],"receive":[71],"this":[74,104,195],"data.":[76],"addition,":[78],"due":[79],"creation":[86],"interval,":[87],"TPS":[89,123],"figure":[90],"is":[91,128,138,172],"very":[93],"late":[94],"compared":[95],"existing":[98],"credit":[99],"card":[100],"network.":[101],"To":[102],"solve":[103],"problem,":[105],"various":[106],"solutions":[107],"such":[108],"lightening":[110],"network,":[111],"DPOS,":[112],"DDPOS":[114],"been":[116],"proposed.":[117],"addition":[119],"improving":[121],"also":[129],"necessary":[130],"improve":[132],"P2P":[134],"networking":[135],"structure,":[136],"which":[137],"underlying":[140,229],"network":[141,165,202,212,230],"infrastructure":[142],"blockchain.":[145,233],"ITU-T":[147,205],"SG11":[148],"[1],":[149],"X.609":[150],"series":[151],"Recommendation":[152,161],"mesh-based":[154],"content":[155],"distribution":[156],"was":[157],"developed,":[158],"recently,":[160],"hybrid":[163,191,200],"peer-to-peer":[164,192,201],"using":[166,225],"mesh":[167],"method":[168,171],"tree":[170],"being":[173],"developed.":[174],"particular,":[176],"IoT,":[178],"live":[180],"multimedia":[181],"streaming":[182],"service":[183],"considered":[185],"killer":[187],"application":[188],"services":[189],"networks.":[193],"paper,":[196],"we":[197],"introduce":[198],"in":[203],"Q.4100":[206],"[2]":[207],"recommendation,":[208],"propose":[210],"structure":[213],"increase":[215],"propagation":[218],"speed":[219,223],"synchronization":[222],"by":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}