{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200343387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc52510.2021.9620836","title":"Are You a Good Client? Client Classification in Federated Learning","display_name":"Are You a Good Client? Client Classification in Federated Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200343387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc52510.2021.9620836"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc52510.2021.9620836","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc52510.2021.9620836","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607766","display_name":"2021 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068301566","display_name":"Hyejun Jeong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hyejun Jeong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035862242","display_name":"Jaeju An","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaeju An","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050526299","display_name":"Jaehoon Jeong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8490-758X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaehoon Jeong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068301566"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.754,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7478968,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1691","last_page":"1696"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9800999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.80512934923172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6416649222373962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.56878262758255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raw-data","display_name":"Raw data","score":0.5621621608734131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independent-and-identically-distributed-random-variables","display_name":"Independent and identically distributed random variables","score":0.5600352883338928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federated-learning","display_name":"Federated learning","score":0.5374382734298706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.4292125403881073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.41991138458251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3933536410331726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.38324180245399475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3513641357421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.32744985818862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.25459781289100647}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.80512934923172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6416649222373962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.56878262758255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132964779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110223","display_name":"Raw data","level":2,"score":0.5621621608734131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141513077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378542","display_name":"Independent and identically distributed random variables","level":3,"score":0.5600352883338928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992525071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50818671","display_name":"Federated learning","level":2,"score":0.5374382734298706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.4292125403881073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.41991138458251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3933536410331726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.38324180245399475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3513641357421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.32744985818862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.25459781289100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122123141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176623","display_name":"Random variable","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc52510.2021.9620836","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc52510.2021.9620836","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607766","display_name":"2021 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G263811790","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019-0-01343","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007339694","https://openalex.org/W2112507308","https://openalex.org/W2127180992","https://openalex.org/W2143559571","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2461943168","https://openalex.org/W2535690855","https://openalex.org/W2774423163","https://openalex.org/W2795989726","https://openalex.org/W2807006176","https://openalex.org/W2889233174","https://openalex.org/W2905191756","https://openalex.org/W2942091739","https://openalex.org/W2963209464","https://openalex.org/W2963318081","https://openalex.org/W2964318098","https://openalex.org/W2979417040","https://openalex.org/W3008176773","https://openalex.org/W3087391814","https://openalex.org/W3095273258","https://openalex.org/W3133003026","https://openalex.org/W3138153888","https://openalex.org/W3138597937","https://openalex.org/W3143224015","https://openalex.org/W4294106961","https://openalex.org/W4298221930","https://openalex.org/W4318619660","https://openalex.org/W6676935882","https://openalex.org/W6678941442","https://openalex.org/W6728757088","https://openalex.org/W6746720608","https://openalex.org/W6746897123","https://openalex.org/W6750593396","https://openalex.org/W6752029299","https://openalex.org/W6754587887","https://openalex.org/W6756355087","https://openalex.org/W6771536673","https://openalex.org/W6774742820","https://openalex.org/W6784747331","https://openalex.org/W6787656162"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4298221930","https://openalex.org/W3004218185","https://openalex.org/W4390241083","https://openalex.org/W2777914285","https://openalex.org/W4245457074","https://openalex.org/W2323735050","https://openalex.org/W3039437223","https://openalex.org/W3094550016","https://openalex.org/W4388282301","https://openalex.org/W3163198039"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Federated":[0],"Learning":[1],"(FL)":[2],"is":[3,31,47,64],"a":[4,119,149],"distributed":[5,27],"machine":[6],"learning":[7,30],"framework,":[8],"where":[9],"any":[10],"raw":[11],"data":[12,35,73,91,105],"do":[13],"not":[14,110],"leave":[15],"the":[16,43,86,100,113],"participating":[17],"clients'":[18],"machines":[19],"aiming":[20],"for":[21,79],"privacy":[22],"preservation.":[23],"Due":[24],"to":[25,34,85,142],"its":[26],"nature,":[28],"federated":[29],"especially":[32],"vulnerable":[33],"poisoning":[36],"attacks":[37],"which":[38],"degrade":[39],"overall":[40],"performance":[41,101],"of":[42,51,56,89,127],"framework.":[44],"Hence":[45],"there":[46],"an":[48],"arising":[49],"need":[50],"early":[52],"identification":[53],"and":[54,70,74,92,123,133],"removal":[55],"malicious":[57,62,77,107,134,144],"clients.":[58],"However,":[59],"correctly":[60],"identifying":[61],"clients":[63,129,145],"difficult.":[65],"Clients":[66],"with":[67,76,102,151],"non-IID":[68,90,104],"(Independently":[69],"Identically":[71],"Distributed)":[72],"those":[75],"data,":[78,108],"example,":[80],"are":[81],"hardly":[82],"distinguishable":[83],"due":[84],"dissimilar":[87],"distribution":[88],"normal":[93],"data.":[94,135,153],"Prior":[95],"works":[96],"focus":[97],"on":[98],"improving":[99],"either":[103],"or":[106],"but":[109],"both.":[111],"On":[112],"other":[114],"hand,":[115],"this":[116],"paper":[117],"proposes":[118],"mechanism":[120],"that":[121],"identifies":[122],"classifies":[124],"three":[125],"types":[126],"clients:":[128],"having":[130],"IID,":[131],"non-IID,":[132],"Our":[136],"findings":[137],"can":[138],"help":[139],"future":[140],"studies":[141],"remove":[143],"efficiently":[146],"while":[147],"training":[148],"model":[150],"diverse":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
