{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2998692792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc46691.2019.8940001","title":"MQTLS: Toward Secure MQTT Communication with an Untrusted Broker","display_name":"MQTLS: Toward Secure MQTT Communication with an Untrusted Broker","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2998692792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc46691.2019.8940001","mag":"2998692792"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc46691.2019.8940001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc46691.2019.8940001","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100334318","display_name":"Hyunwoo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7742-3357"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hyunwoo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University,Computer Science and Engineering,Seoul,Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University,Computer Science and Engineering,Seoul,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052418533","display_name":"Junghwan Lim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junghwan Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University,Computer Science and Engineering,Seoul,Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University,Computer Science and Engineering,Seoul,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106697357","display_name":"Ted Kwon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ted \u201cTaekyoung\u201d Kwon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University,Computer Science and Engineering,Seoul,Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University,Computer Science and Engineering,Seoul,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100334318"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9285,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78860638,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"53","last_page":"58"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mqtt","display_name":"MQTT","score":0.895037829875946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8135993480682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/message-queue","display_name":"Message queue","score":0.7555968761444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.648129940032959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.5817004442214966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5739941596984863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5310025215148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4596412479877472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.26586633920669556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.24179032444953918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.06949040293693542}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132868160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10322548","display_name":"MQTT","level":3,"score":0.895037829875946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8135993480682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26324664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1065525","display_name":"Message queue","level":2,"score":0.7555968761444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.648129940032959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.5817004442214966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5739941596984863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5310025215148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4596412479877472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.26586633920669556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.24179032444953918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.06949040293693542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc46691.2019.8940001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc46691.2019.8940001","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:s-space.snu.ac.kr:10371/186734","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10371/186734","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401345","display_name":"Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","host_organization_name":"Seoul National University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2052491126","https://openalex.org/W2077957392","https://openalex.org/W2111619626","https://openalex.org/W2126311411","https://openalex.org/W2266218113","https://openalex.org/W2270478131","https://openalex.org/W2726576305","https://openalex.org/W2915352631","https://openalex.org/W2947108274","https://openalex.org/W2992116349"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2808909086","https://openalex.org/W2594893198","https://openalex.org/W2920851310","https://openalex.org/W3191127435","https://openalex.org/W4214846370","https://openalex.org/W4379141734","https://openalex.org/W2782567402","https://openalex.org/W4296712975","https://openalex.org/W2953647658","https://openalex.org/W2340181556"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,135],"publisher-subscriber":[1],"(pub/sub)":[2],"paradigm":[3],"is":[4,39,59,138,201],"one":[5,30],"of":[6,20,31],"the":[7,13,23,32,36,55,77,152,163,167,174,183,189,194,199],"promising":[8],"communication":[9,111],"models":[10],"to":[11,82,122],"meet":[12],"requirements":[14],"such":[15],"as":[16],"interoperability":[17],"and":[18,67,74,86,116,186],"support":[19],"heterogeneity":[21],"for":[22,132,151],"Internet-of-Things":[24],"(IoT).":[25],"Message":[26],"Queueing":[27],"Telemetry":[28],"Transport(MQTT),":[29],"protocols":[33],"based":[34,140],"on":[35,141],"pub/sub":[37,56,153],"model,":[38,57],"widely":[40],"used":[41],"in":[42,54],"practice":[43],"with":[44,193],"public":[45],"brokers":[46,120],"by":[47],"Eclipse":[48],"Mosquitto":[49],"or":[50,97],"HiveMQ.":[51],"A":[52],"broker":[53,71,96],"however,":[58],"intrinsically":[60],"a":[61,70],"man-in-the-middle":[62],"between":[63],"clients":[64],"(i.e.,":[65],"publishers":[66,81,85],"subscribers);":[68],"thus,":[69],"can":[72],"read":[73,123],"alter":[75],"all":[76],"messages":[78,92,125],"delivered":[79],"from":[80,126],"subscribers.":[83],"Therefore,both":[84],"subscribers":[87],"should":[88,98],"not":[89,121],"exchange":[90],"confidential":[91],"via":[93],"an":[94,108],"untrusted":[95],"use":[99],"it":[100],"in-between":[101],"them":[102],"at":[103,166,182,188],"risk.":[104],"We":[105],"propose":[106],"MQTLS,":[107],"MQTT-aware":[109],"secure":[110],"protocol":[112,137],"among":[113],"publishers,":[114,127],"subscribers,":[115],"brokers,":[117],"while":[118],"restricting":[119],"any":[124],"ex-cept":[128],"topics":[129],"that":[130,160],"need":[131],"message":[133],"delivery.":[134],"MQTLS":[136,157,161],"secure,":[139],"our":[142],"novel":[143],"security":[144,149],"definition":[145],"called":[146],"client-to-broker-to-client":[147],"(CBC)":[148],"semantics":[150],"model.":[154],"Our":[155],"OpenSSL-based":[156],"proof-of-concept":[158],"shows":[159],"increases":[162],"delay":[164,175],"time":[165,176],"initial":[168],"setup":[169],"dueto":[170],"asymmetric":[171],"signature/verification.":[172],"However":[173],"becomes":[177],"marginal":[178],"-":[179],"only":[180],"4.06%":[181],"high-end":[184],"device":[185,191],"10.04%":[187],"low-end":[190],"compared":[192],"standard":[195],"TLS":[196],"protocol-":[197],"after":[198],"key":[200],"distributed.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
