{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2204319566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2015.7354789","title":"Gain degradation effect due to beam misalignment on mmWave beamforming for 5G cellular communication","display_name":"Gain degradation effect due to beam misalignment on mmWave beamforming for 5G cellular communication","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2204319566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2015.7354789","mag":"2204319566"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc.2015.7354789","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2015.7354789","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012402418","display_name":"Wan Hee Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4541-2036"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88761825","display_name":"Korea University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/000qzf213","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88761825"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wanhee Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mobile Communication & Digital Broadcasting Engineering, UST (University of Science & Technology), Daejeon, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mobile Communication & Digital Broadcasting Engineering, UST (University of Science & Technology), Daejeon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88761825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061071522","display_name":"JungSook Bae","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JungSook Bae","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute), Daejcon, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute), Daejcon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011846951","display_name":"Sook-Jin Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7808-1402"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sook-Jin Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute), Daejcon, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute), Daejcon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012402418"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88761825"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2002,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59550452,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1252","last_page":"1256"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8979523181915283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degradation","display_name":"Degradation (telecommunications)","score":0.7653709650039673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.7263224720954895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.670778214931488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.6337301731109619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.5874511003494263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-gain-antenna","display_name":"High-gain antenna","score":0.5439098477363586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5361964702606201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.523007333278656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam","display_name":"Beam (structure)","score":0.453292578458786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3271728754043579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.2155768871307373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2077067792415619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.18209490180015564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16463762521743774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.14800861477851868}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8979523181915283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251805","display_name":"Degradation (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.7653709650039673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.7263224720954895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.670778214931488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.6337301731109619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.5874511003494263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61829901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769152","display_name":"High-gain antenna","level":2,"score":0.5439098477363586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5361964702606201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.523007333278656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.453292578458786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3271728754043579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2155768871307373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2077067792415619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.18209490180015564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16463762521743774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.14800861477851868}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc.2015.7354789","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2015.7354789","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1509061701","https://openalex.org/W1991056455","https://openalex.org/W2032517819","https://openalex.org/W2049614449","https://openalex.org/W2054692642","https://openalex.org/W2063104534","https://openalex.org/W2094655360","https://openalex.org/W2138020668","https://openalex.org/W2320326971"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2783437851","https://openalex.org/W4249165909","https://openalex.org/W3110590130","https://openalex.org/W4287562279","https://openalex.org/W2504274537","https://openalex.org/W905396345","https://openalex.org/W2972536919","https://openalex.org/W2512234407","https://openalex.org/W2521006054","https://openalex.org/W3139731497"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Millimeter":[0],"wave":[1],"technology":[2,6,32],"is":[3,23],"major":[4],"candidate":[5],"for":[7],"5G":[8],"network.":[9],"Because":[10],"of":[11,17,43,85],"the":[12,18,44,48,67,83,86],"high":[13,28,90],"path":[14,29],"loss":[15],"characteristics":[16],"mmWave":[19,62],"system,":[20],"beamforming":[21,63],"technique":[22],"necessary":[24],"to":[25,41,58],"overcome":[26],"this":[27],"loss.":[30],"Beamforming":[31],"cannot":[33],"achieve":[34],"perfect":[35],"beam":[36,59,88],"alignment":[37],"and":[38],"it":[39],"leads":[40],"degradation":[42,55],"channel":[45,68,73,77,91],"gain":[46,54,78,92],"between":[47],"transceiver.":[49],"Thus,":[50],"we":[51],"examine":[52],"a":[53],"effect":[56],"due":[57],"misalignment":[60,84],"on":[61],"system.":[64],"We":[65],"generated":[66],"coefficients":[69],"by":[70],"using":[71],"QuaDRiGa":[72],"model":[74],"implementation.":[75],"The":[76],"analysis":[79],"results":[80],"shows":[81],"that":[82],"BS":[87],"causes":[89],"degradation.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}