{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014360590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2012.6386782","title":"Zone Routing Protocol: How does it perform the other way round?","display_name":"Zone Routing Protocol: How does it perform the other way round?","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014360590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2012.6386782","mag":"2014360590"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc.2012.6386782","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2012.6386782","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 International Conference on ICT Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046325653","display_name":"Zeeshan Shafiq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6888-5111"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610274","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/00p034093","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. Shafiq","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan","Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043756122","display_name":"Sahibzada Ali Mahmud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-5459"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610274","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/00p034093","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. A. Mahmud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan","Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060203725","display_name":"Gul Muhammad Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5646-9372"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610274","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/00p034093","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. M. Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan","Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111655783","display_name":"Ahmed Raza Sayyed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610274","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/00p034093","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Sayyed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan","Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks Research, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036588740","display_name":"Hamed Al\u2010Raweshidy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3702-8192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. S. Al-Raweshidy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Networks and Communications Center, Brunel University, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Networks and Communications Center, Brunel University, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6085,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89897443,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"71","last_page":"77"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zone-routing-protocol","display_name":"Zone Routing Protocol","score":0.7437131404876709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link-state-routing-protocol","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","score":0.6730766892433167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6611883044242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-source-routing","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","score":0.6518980264663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6465672254562378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-routing","display_name":"Static routing","score":0.575666069984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-routing-protocol","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","score":0.5718931555747986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol","display_name":"Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol","score":0.5381852388381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-routing","display_name":"Hybrid routing","score":0.5337807536125183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/destination-sequenced-distance-vector-routing","display_name":"Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector routing","score":0.48571380972862244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.45351025462150574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/policy-based-routing","display_name":"Policy-based routing","score":0.43768876791000366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.42246881127357483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.2287587821483612}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189884158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8073926","display_name":"Zone Routing Protocol","level":5,"score":0.7437131404876709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89305328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755411","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","level":4,"score":0.6730766892433167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6611883044242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9659607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268903","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","level":4,"score":0.6518980264663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6465672254562378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204948658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1119410","display_name":"Static routing","level":4,"score":0.575666069984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47318570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8026863","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.5718931555747986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87044965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091139","display_name":"Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol","level":5,"score":0.5381852388381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776955676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7371623","display_name":"Hybrid routing","level":5,"score":0.5337807536125183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29436982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3700557","display_name":"Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector routing","level":5,"score":0.48571380972862244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.45351025462150574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196423136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7209671","display_name":"Policy-based routing","level":5,"score":0.43768876791000366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.42246881127357483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.2287587821483612}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc.2012.6386782","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2012.6386782","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 International Conference on ICT Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540163770","https://openalex.org/W1990736132","https://openalex.org/W2004922570","https://openalex.org/W2089654577","https://openalex.org/W2095713050","https://openalex.org/W2096278082","https://openalex.org/W2099574482","https://openalex.org/W2100908551","https://openalex.org/W2102430941","https://openalex.org/W2106026953","https://openalex.org/W2117168092","https://openalex.org/W2117526746","https://openalex.org/W2130311408","https://openalex.org/W2131737935","https://openalex.org/W2149622866","https://openalex.org/W2152771952","https://openalex.org/W2167018635","https://openalex.org/W2264444874","https://openalex.org/W4248702875","https://openalex.org/W6675740947"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998165490","https://openalex.org/W2051592939","https://openalex.org/W2002954440","https://openalex.org/W1968597038","https://openalex.org/W1967759098","https://openalex.org/W2381055247","https://openalex.org/W2186532577","https://openalex.org/W2171503138","https://openalex.org/W2892724521","https://openalex.org/W2402050639"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,89],"order":[1],"to":[2,25,48,156],"have":[3],"the":[4,15,41,50,61,71,94,122,136,144,153,158],"benefits":[5],"offered":[6],"by":[7,69],"Proactive":[8],"Routing":[9,12,22,43],"and":[10,30,60,109,140],"Reactive":[11],"while":[13,82,142],"reducing":[14],"undesirable":[16],"effects":[17],"of":[18,57,66,96,100,125,138],"both":[19],"respectively,":[20],"Hybrid":[21],"is":[23,40,80,87,105,112,129],"suggested":[24],"be":[26],"used":[27,81,106,113],"in":[28,55,64],"ad-hoc":[29],"Mobile":[31],"Ad-hoc":[32],"Networks":[33],"(MANETs).":[34],"One":[35],"such":[36],"hybrid":[37,127],"routing":[38,68,79,86,104,111,128,161],"protocol":[39],"Zone":[42],"Protocol":[44],"(ZRP).":[45],"ZRP":[46,97,155],"attempts":[47],"reduce":[49],"initial":[51],"route":[52],"discovery":[53],"delay":[54,141],"case":[56,65],"reactive":[58,85,103],"routing,":[59,102],"control":[62],"traffic":[63],"proactive":[67,78,101,110],"dividing":[70],"network":[72],"into":[73,134],"zones.":[74,115],"Within":[75],"each":[76],"zone":[77],"between":[83,114],"zones,":[84],"used.":[88],"this":[90,117],"paper":[91],"we":[92,132],"evaluate":[93],"performance":[95],"when":[98],"instead":[99],"within":[107],"zones":[108],"Apparently":[116],"approach":[118,151],"might":[119],"indicate":[120],"that":[121],"whole":[123],"purpose":[124],"using":[126],"defeated.":[130],"However,":[131],"take":[133],"account":[135],"parameters":[137],"throughput":[139],"evaluating":[143],"performance.":[145],"We":[146],"also":[147],"compare":[148],"our":[149],"reverse":[150],"with":[152],"conventional":[154],"check":[157],"effect":[159],"on":[160],"traffic.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}