{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2891279278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2018.8464902","title":"Selection of high power LEDs for Li-Fi applications","display_name":"Selection of high power LEDs for Li-Fi applications","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2891279278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2018.8464902","mag":"2891279278"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ict.2018.8464902","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2018.8464902","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 25th International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000312743","display_name":"Mostafa H. Ahfayd","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133837150","display_name":"University of Huddersfield","ror":"https://ror.org/05t1h8f27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mostafa H. Ahfayd","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK","University of Huddersfield, HDl 3DH, School of Computing and Engineering, Huddersfield, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Huddersfield, HDl 3DH, School of Computing and Engineering, Huddersfield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088584544","display_name":"Zohaib A. Farhat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0687-2817"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133837150","display_name":"University of Huddersfield","ror":"https://ror.org/05t1h8f27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zohaib A. Farhat","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK","University of Huddersfield, HDl 3DH, School of Computing and Engineering, Huddersfield, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Huddersfield, HDl 3DH, School of Computing and Engineering, Huddersfield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114377726","display_name":"Martin J. N. Sibley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6885-3390"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133837150","display_name":"University of Huddersfield","ror":"https://ror.org/05t1h8f27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin J. N. Sibley","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK","University of Huddersfield, HDl 3DH, School of Computing and Engineering, Huddersfield, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Huddersfield, HDl 3DH, School of Computing and Engineering, Huddersfield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016637963","display_name":"Peter Mather","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1846-9002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133837150","display_name":"University of Huddersfield","ror":"https://ror.org/05t1h8f27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter J. Mather","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK","University of Huddersfield, HDl 3DH, School of Computing and Engineering, Huddersfield, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Huddersfield, HDl 3DH, School of Computing and Engineering, Huddersfield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074353965","display_name":"Pavlos I. Lazaridis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5091-2567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133837150","display_name":"University of Huddersfield","ror":"https://ror.org/05t1h8f27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.I. Lazaridis","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK","University of Huddersfield, HDl 3DH, School of Computing and Engineering, Huddersfield, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Huddersfield, HDl 3DH, School of Computing and Engineering, Huddersfield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1309,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49188785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"170","last_page":"174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9811000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.8677821159362793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.6466035842895508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth-extension","display_name":"Bandwidth extension","score":0.5346512198448181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.4899663031101227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.4479205906391144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4303993582725525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4165402948856354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.41480231285095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3814796805381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3449949622154236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2514195144176483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2421373724937439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.0978909432888031}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.8677821159362793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6466035842895508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9387945","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4854770","display_name":"Bandwidth extension","level":4,"score":0.5346512198448181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4899663031101227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.4479205906391144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4303993582725525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4165402948856354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.41480231285095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3814796805381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3449949622154236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2514195144176483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2421373724937439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.0978909432888031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64922751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4650799","display_name":"Audio signal","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ict.2018.8464902","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2018.8464902","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 25th International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/f82737cf-c1d8-4534-aa9d-08b12ee04c94","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85054492864&partnerID=8YFLogxK","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402508","display_name":"Huddersfield Research Portal (University of Huddersfield)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I133837150","host_organization_name":"University of Huddersfield","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ahfayd, M H, Farhat, Z A, Sibley, M J N, Mather, P J & Lazaridis, P I 2018, Selection of high power LEDs for Li-Fi applications. in 2018 25th International Conference on Telecommunications, ICT 2018., 8464902, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., pp. 170-174, 25th International Conference on Telecommunications, Saint Malo, France, 26/06/18. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.2018.8464902","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.75}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W244019765","https://openalex.org/W1503835506","https://openalex.org/W1543286397","https://openalex.org/W1981359905","https://openalex.org/W2027960261","https://openalex.org/W2028078039","https://openalex.org/W2125446515","https://openalex.org/W2144644352","https://openalex.org/W2157444833","https://openalex.org/W2158234742","https://openalex.org/W2163670414","https://openalex.org/W2405472832","https://openalex.org/W2770697572","https://openalex.org/W2774547231","https://openalex.org/W4298898028","https://openalex.org/W6714250368"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319862422","https://openalex.org/W1971598839","https://openalex.org/W3144767625","https://openalex.org/W2017964352","https://openalex.org/W2133828239","https://openalex.org/W3207737697","https://openalex.org/W2097303478","https://openalex.org/W2006045908","https://openalex.org/W2023720074","https://openalex.org/W2004463313"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"is":[2],"concerned":[3],"with":[4],"a":[5,81,127,138,150,176],"comparison":[6],"between":[7,87],"commercial":[8,50],"available":[9],"high-power":[10],"LEDs,":[11],"which":[12],"have":[13,149,174],"the":[14,31,58,65,85,88,92,100,105,180],"same":[15],"chip":[16],"size":[17],"but":[18],"different":[19],"power":[20,74],"ratings":[21],"(20":[22],"W,":[23],"30":[24,116,171],"W":[25,107,114,117,169,172],"and":[26,42,55,109,115,162,170],"50":[27,106,181],"W),":[28],"to":[29,69,95],"find":[30],"most":[32],"appropriate":[33],"for":[34,72,99,104,112,126],"Li-Fi":[35,128],"applications,":[36],"in":[37,64,84,157],"terms":[38,158],"of":[39,49,60,67,140,159],"bandwidth":[40,44,59,77,86,93,121],"before":[41],"after":[43],"extension.":[45],"Two":[46],"basic":[47],"types":[48,62],"LEDs":[51,123,148,156,173],"were":[52,124],"compared":[53],"(`cool'":[54],"`warm'),":[56],"where":[57,91],"both":[61],"was":[63,80,144],"range":[66],"3":[68],"4":[70],"MHz,":[71],"all":[73],"values.":[75],"After":[76],"extension,":[78],"there":[79],"marked":[82],"disparity":[83],"several":[89],"types,":[90],"increased":[94],"approximately":[96],"17":[97],"MHz":[98,103,111],"`warm',":[101],"33":[102],"`cool'":[108,118,147],"36":[110],"20":[113,168],"LEDs.":[119],"The":[120],"extended":[122],"implemented":[125],"application":[129],"based":[130],"on":[131],"offset":[132],"PPM":[133],"modulation":[134],"transmission":[135,161],"scheme":[136],"at":[137],"rate":[139,165],"13":[141],"Mbps.":[142],"It":[143],"found":[145],"that":[146],"more":[151],"favourable":[152],"performance":[153],"than":[154,179],"`warm'":[155],"data":[160],"bit":[163],"error":[164],"(BER).":[166],"Additionally,":[167],"achieved":[175],"lower":[177],"BER":[178],"W.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
