{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2464614159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2016.7500485","title":"Extending ns3 to simulate visible light communication at network-level","display_name":"Extending ns3 to simulate visible light communication at network-level","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2464614159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2016.7500485","mag":"2464614159"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ict.2016.7500485","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2016.7500485","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 23rd International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082711598","display_name":"Adel Aldalbahi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1903-0480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adel Aldalbahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031388549","display_name":"Michael Rahaim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7205-1929"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Rahaim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston University","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062119199","display_name":"Abdallah Khreishah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1583-713X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdallah Khreishah","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050702557","display_name":"Moussa Ayyash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0868-143X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74234424","display_name":"Chicago State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ekwbr88","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74234424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moussa Ayyash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chicago State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chicago State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74234424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062285089","display_name":"Ryan Ackerman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryan Ackerman","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032529292","display_name":"James Basuino","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Basuino","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082778984","display_name":"Walter Berreta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walter Berreta","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059257069","display_name":"Thomas D. C. Little","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-5358"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas D.C. Little","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston University","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4881,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84083632,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.9766080379486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6881862878799438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/goodput","display_name":"Goodput","score":0.6735589504241943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5307443141937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-wireless","display_name":"Optical wireless","score":0.5198010206222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5129613280296326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.5109056830406189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.492964506149292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.46088147163391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.4500492215156555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.44129040837287903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.35784316062927246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2607266306877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18125030398368835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.14925339818000793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.1358383595943451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.11802425980567932}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.9766080379486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6881862878799438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94022561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172393","display_name":"Goodput","level":4,"score":0.6735589504241943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5307443141937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098907","display_name":"Optical wireless","level":3,"score":0.5198010206222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5129613280296326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.5109056830406189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.492964506149292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.46088147163391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.4500492215156555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.44129040837287903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.35784316062927246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2607266306877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18125030398368835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.14925339818000793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.1358383595943451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.11802425980567932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ict.2016.7500485","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2016.7500485","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 23rd International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13854695","https://openalex.org/W1503835506","https://openalex.org/W1996152197","https://openalex.org/W2012270885","https://openalex.org/W2020135656","https://openalex.org/W2037405583","https://openalex.org/W2038846507","https://openalex.org/W2061091088","https://openalex.org/W2080972700","https://openalex.org/W2105935781","https://openalex.org/W2111697380","https://openalex.org/W2129882951","https://openalex.org/W2129939749","https://openalex.org/W2144644352","https://openalex.org/W2152567496","https://openalex.org/W2272996903","https://openalex.org/W4236286884","https://openalex.org/W6653367887"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2120239653","https://openalex.org/W3118170786","https://openalex.org/W2979726073","https://openalex.org/W2584032215","https://openalex.org/W3149163672","https://openalex.org/W2289636831","https://openalex.org/W2207734467","https://openalex.org/W2071106780","https://openalex.org/W2918027196","https://openalex.org/W3121117894"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Visible":[0],"light":[1],"communications":[2,13],"(VLC)":[3],"describes":[4],"the":[5,8,16,34,37,42,79,88,104,128,132,135,151,155,162,200],"use":[6],"of":[7,36,53,66,78,90,134,164,185],"visible":[9,105],"spectrum":[10,23,106],"for":[11,143],"optical":[12,110,124],"and":[14,118,139,154,170,192,198],"has":[15],"potential":[17],"to":[18,57,86,108,188],"provide":[19],"vast":[20],"new":[21,166],"wireless":[22],"free":[24],"from":[25],"license.":[26],"Most":[27],"existing":[28,171],"work":[29],"on":[30,33],"VLC":[31,47,54,97,152,168,186],"focuses":[32],"optimization":[35],"physical":[38,100,130],"medium":[39],"rather":[40],"than":[41],"networking":[43],"context":[44],"in":[45,183,199],"which":[46,120],"will":[48],"be":[49,181],"deployed.":[50],"Future":[51],"deployments":[52],"are":[55,159],"expected":[56],"coexist":[58],"with":[59],"current":[60],"RF":[61,156,173],"technologies;":[62],"complicating":[63],"performance":[64,89,141,203],"analysis":[65],"these":[67,91],"integrated,":[68],"heterogeneous":[69,92],"systems.":[70],"In":[71,148],"this":[72,149,178],"paper,":[73],"we":[74],"propose":[75],"an":[76,123,144],"extension":[77],"ns3":[80,136,167,172],"network":[81,202],"simulator":[82],"as":[83,205],"a":[84],"means":[85],"investigate":[87],"RF/VLC":[93,146],"networks.":[94],"The":[95],"proposed":[96],"module":[98],"realizes":[99],"layer":[101],"models":[102],"characterizing":[103],"mapped":[107],"various":[109],"modulation":[111],"schemes.":[112],"We":[113,126],"also":[114],"consider":[115],"device":[116],"mobility":[117],"orientation":[119],"uniquely":[121],"impact":[122],"receiver.":[125],"describe":[127],"adopted":[129],"models,":[131],"structure":[133],"model":[137],"implementation,":[138],"demonstrate":[140,176],"assessment":[142],"asymmetric":[145],"scenario.":[147],"case,":[150],"downlink":[153],"(WiFi)":[157],"uplink":[158],"paired":[160],"using":[161],"combination":[163],"our":[165],"component":[169],"modules.":[174],"Simulations":[175],"how":[177],"scenario":[179],"can":[180],"studied":[182],"terms":[184],"signal":[187],"noise":[189],"ratio":[190],"(SNR)":[191],"bit":[193],"error":[194],"rate":[195],"(BER)":[196],"parameters,":[197],"resulting":[201],"measured":[204],"goodput.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-17T08:01:34.144755","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}