{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1481036637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2015.7124699","title":"Two-stage hybrid precoding for massive MIMO systems","display_name":"Two-stage hybrid precoding for massive MIMO systems","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1481036637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2015.7124699","mag":"1481036637"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ict.2015.7124699","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2015.7124699","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 22nd International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101912327","display_name":"Yuwei Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8333-8127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuwei Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Beijing, China","[School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China.]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078714193","display_name":"Yingmin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2850-0336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136246","display_name":"China Telecom (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jgnzt20","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767964","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Wireless Mobile Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02j79dc41","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162623","https://openalex.org/I4391767964"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingmin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Wireless Mobile Communications, China Academy of Telecommunications Technology (CATT), Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Wireless Mobile Communications, China Academy of Telecommunications Technology (CATT), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246","https://openalex.org/I4391767964"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061309372","display_name":"Guixian Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4895-3797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guixian Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Beijing, China","[School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China.]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"294","last_page":"297"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.9477925300598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseband","display_name":"Baseband","score":0.8995620012283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.63629549741745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6334439516067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.592017412185669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5633075833320618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.5106096863746643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-forcing-precoding","display_name":"Zero-forcing precoding","score":0.4809802770614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.4270135164260864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.4141755700111389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.36918115615844727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.35583698749542236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.32599183917045593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.27262306213378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.2638593912124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.24486470222473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18954598903656006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.12714087963104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.08167067170143127}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.9477925300598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575784","display_name":"Baseband","level":3,"score":0.8995620012283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.63629549741745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6334439516067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.592017412185669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5633075833320618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.5106096863746643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155437304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8069444","display_name":"Zero-forcing precoding","level":5,"score":0.4809802770614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.4270135164260864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.4141755700111389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.36918115615844727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.35583698749542236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.32599183917045593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.27262306213378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2638593912124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.24486470222473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18954598903656006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12714087963104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.08167067170143127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ict.2015.7124699","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2015.7124699","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 22nd International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997834106","https://openalex.org/W2041287972","https://openalex.org/W2050020570","https://openalex.org/W2072184935","https://openalex.org/W2085098436","https://openalex.org/W2091012876","https://openalex.org/W2128513990","https://openalex.org/W2145412765","https://openalex.org/W2147601077","https://openalex.org/W2167005403","https://openalex.org/W2167956149","https://openalex.org/W3106282754","https://openalex.org/W6663064014","https://openalex.org/W6668545817"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111825998","https://openalex.org/W2326544815","https://openalex.org/W1973158664","https://openalex.org/W1731022149","https://openalex.org/W1996933839","https://openalex.org/W2000226056","https://openalex.org/W4386858283","https://openalex.org/W1979957996","https://openalex.org/W3190864439","https://openalex.org/W1993945082"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Massive":[0],"multiple-input":[1],"multiple-output":[2],"(MIMO)":[3],"systems":[4],"are":[5,116],"expected":[6],"to":[7,48,119],"significantly":[8],"enhance":[9],"the":[10,28,31,38,50,53,73,87,114],"energy":[11],"efficiency":[12,16],"(EE)":[13],"and":[14,76,113],"spectrum":[15],"(SE).":[17],"However,":[18],"RF":[19,74,95],"transceivers":[20],"introduce":[21],"huge":[22],"cost":[23],"of":[24,27,52],"high":[25],"complexity":[26],"hardware":[29],"with":[30],"antennas":[32],"increasing.":[33],"In":[34],"this":[35],"paper,":[36],"considering":[37],"low-complexity":[39],"hybrid":[40,45,66],"structure,":[41],"we":[42],"propose":[43],"a":[44,79],"precoding":[46,84],"scheme":[47,105],"approach":[49],"performance":[51],"traditional":[54],"full-complexity":[55],"baseband":[56,81],"digital":[57,82],"zero-forcing":[58],"(FD-ZF)":[59],"precoding.":[60],"The":[61,103],"proposed":[62,104],"scheme,":[63],"named":[64],"two-stage":[65],"precoding,":[67],"essentially":[68],"applies":[69],"phase-only":[70],"control":[71],"at":[72],"domain":[75],"then":[77],"performs":[78],"low-dimensional":[80],"ZF":[83],"based":[85],"on":[86],"effective":[88],"channels":[89,112],"seen":[90],"from":[91],"baseband.":[92],"Meanwhile,":[93],"quantized":[94],"phase":[96],"(no":[97],"more":[98],"than":[99],"3bits)":[100],"is":[101,106],"considered.":[102],"simulated":[107],"in":[108],"ideal":[109],"Rayleigh":[110],"fading":[111],"results":[115],"nearly":[117],"equal":[118],"FD-ZF.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
