{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1975489316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2014.6845141","title":"Symbol error rate comparisons of star MQAM schemes based on equal cubic metric","display_name":"Symbol error rate comparisons of star MQAM schemes based on equal cubic metric","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1975489316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2014.6845141","mag":"1975489316"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ict.2014.6845141","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2014.6845141","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 21st International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022969241","display_name":"Lu Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0506-7557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lu Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","Beijing Key Lab. of Network Syst., Archit. & Convergence, Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Lab. of Network Syst., Archit. & Convergence, Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102913097","display_name":"Tiankui Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0694-5844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiankui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","Beijing Key Lab. of Network Syst., Archit. & Convergence, Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Lab. of Network Syst., Archit. & Convergence, Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100536990","display_name":"Chunyan Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunyan Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","Beijing Key Lab. of Network Syst., Archit. & Convergence, Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Lab. of Network Syst., Archit. & Convergence, Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101444908","display_name":"Yao Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5972-3209"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Department, Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, China","Res. Dept., China Inf. Technol. Design & Consulting Inst. Co., Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Department, Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Res. Dept., China Inf. Technol. Design & Consulting Inst. Co., Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026765888","display_name":"Xiao Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Department, Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, China","Res. Dept., China Inf. Technol. Design & Consulting Inst. Co., Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Department, Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Res. Dept., China Inf. Technol. Design & Consulting Inst. Co., Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022969241"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2093,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56457305,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"369","last_page":"373"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.8640430569648743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.6259100437164307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5654613971710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/euclidean-distance","display_name":"Euclidean distance","score":0.5594329833984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qam","display_name":"QAM","score":0.5353252291679382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/square","display_name":"Square (algebra)","score":0.4759870767593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/euclidean-geometry","display_name":"Euclidean geometry","score":0.4557151794433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.4463804066181183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/star","display_name":"Star (game theory)","score":0.43929558992385864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.4149366021156311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.4054388701915741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3796752691268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.35463452339172363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.29681187868118286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.17307651042938232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.1470881998538971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.07752957940101624}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.8640430569648743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.6259100437164307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5654613971710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120174047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847073","display_name":"Euclidean distance","level":2,"score":0.5594329833984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59030546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7265371","display_name":"QAM","level":5,"score":0.5353252291679382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135692309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111124","display_name":"Square (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4759870767593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129782007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162886","display_name":"Euclidean geometry","level":2,"score":0.4557151794433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.4463804066181183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780897414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600592","display_name":"Star (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.43929558992385864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.4149366021156311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.4054388701915741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3796752691268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.35463452339172363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.29681187868118286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.17307651042938232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.1470881998538971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.07752957940101624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ict.2014.6845141","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ict.2014.6845141","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 21st International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1612848211","https://openalex.org/W1997722127","https://openalex.org/W2005847958","https://openalex.org/W2023751866","https://openalex.org/W2031227979","https://openalex.org/W2098991698","https://openalex.org/W2108717019","https://openalex.org/W2130843768","https://openalex.org/W2146774152","https://openalex.org/W2152670498","https://openalex.org/W2168722242","https://openalex.org/W2534214900","https://openalex.org/W6636604215","https://openalex.org/W6679127556"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390873927","https://openalex.org/W2147334234","https://openalex.org/W2159438609","https://openalex.org/W2900995485","https://openalex.org/W3196902411","https://openalex.org/W2064534496","https://openalex.org/W2139936226","https://openalex.org/W1970526599","https://openalex.org/W3026565890","https://openalex.org/W1526007253"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"several":[5],"schemes":[6],"of":[7,23,36,62,101],"N":[8],"rings":[9],"star":[10],"M-ary":[11],"quadrature":[12],"amplitude":[13],"modulation":[14],"(NR-MQAM)":[15],"with":[16,34],"independent":[17],"bit":[18],"mapping.":[19],"The":[20,67,99],"theoretical":[21,68],"expression":[22],"symbol":[24],"error":[25],"rate":[26],"(SER)":[27],"for":[28],"NR-MQAM":[29],"is":[30,46,58,104],"derived":[31],"and":[32,71,79,85,97],"compared":[33],"that":[35,52,61,76],"cross":[37,63],"or":[38,64],"square":[39,65],"MQAM.":[40,66],"For":[41],"NR-MQAM,":[42],"the":[43,50,90,107],"ring":[44],"ratio":[45],"selected":[47],"based":[48],"on":[49],"principle":[51],"its":[53],"cubic":[54],"metric":[55],"(CM)":[56],"value":[57],"equal":[59],"to":[60,88],"SER":[69,84],"curves":[70],"numerical":[72],"simulation":[73],"results":[74,103],"show":[75],"4R-32QAM,":[77],"8R-64QAM":[78],"8R-256QAM":[80],"have":[81],"a":[82],"lower":[83],"stronger":[86],"ability":[87],"resist":[89],"phase":[91],"errors":[92],"than":[93],"other":[94],"32QAMs,":[95],"64QAMs":[96],"256QAMs.":[98],"validity":[100],"simulated":[102],"demonstrated":[105],"by":[106],"minimum":[108],"Euclidean":[109],"distance.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
