{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1999278387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icspcs.2013.6723993","title":"Flag dual amplitude pulse position modulation for atmospheric FSO communications","display_name":"Flag dual amplitude pulse position modulation for atmospheric FSO communications","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1999278387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icspcs.2013.6723993","mag":"1999278387"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icspcs.2013.6723993","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icspcs.2013.6723993","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013, 7th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101599931","display_name":"Aiping Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-270X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aiping Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Marine Science and Technology, The Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","Sch. of Marine Sci. & Technol., Northwestern Polytech. Univ., Xian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Marine Science and Technology, The Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Marine Sci. & Technol., Northwestern Polytech. Univ., Xian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091837980","display_name":"Jinhong Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-493X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinhong Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","Sch. of Electr. Eng. & Telecommun, Univ. of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Electr. Eng. & Telecommun, Univ. of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015995416","display_name":"Yangyu Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0689-5418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangyu Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, CN","Sch. of Marine Sci. & Technol., Northwestern Polytech. Univ., Xian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, CN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Marine Sci. & Technol., Northwestern Polytech. Univ., Xian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084075159","display_name":"Linwei Tao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-0189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linwei Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Marine Science and Technology, The Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","Sch. of Marine Sci. & Technol., Northwestern Polytech. Univ., Xian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Marine Science and Technology, The Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Marine Sci. & Technol., Northwestern Polytech. Univ., Xian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07278193,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"7924","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.767392635345459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-error-probability","display_name":"Pairwise error probability","score":0.7568731307983398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-position-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-position modulation","score":0.7285816073417664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","score":0.6061786413192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.5583368539810181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5492163896560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5424723029136658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-space-optical-communication","display_name":"Free-space optical communication","score":0.474163681268692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4449272155761719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40357834100723267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.4009355902671814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-communication","display_name":"Optical communication","score":0.39567452669143677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39505326747894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.35745102167129517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3550565242767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3472917079925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3137270510196686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse","display_name":"Pulse (music)","score":0.2450045645236969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.11244499683380127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09028500318527222}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.767392635345459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780839233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000284","display_name":"Pairwise error probability","level":4,"score":0.7568731307983398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46035914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1767289","display_name":"Pulse-position modulation","level":5,"score":0.7285816073417664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20518276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186130","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.6061786413192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.5583368539810181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5492163896560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5424723029136658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197000039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2027432","display_name":"Free-space optical communication","level":3,"score":0.474163681268692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4449272155761719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40357834100723267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.4009355902671814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.39567452669143677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39505326747894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.35745102167129517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3550565242767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3472917079925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3137270510196686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780167933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652","display_name":"Pulse (music)","level":3,"score":0.2450045645236969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.11244499683380127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09028500318527222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icspcs.2013.6723993","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icspcs.2013.6723993","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013, 7th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1556909464","https://openalex.org/W1951466377","https://openalex.org/W1961845250","https://openalex.org/W1972485395","https://openalex.org/W2097920130","https://openalex.org/W2111498936","https://openalex.org/W2111681368","https://openalex.org/W2128618378","https://openalex.org/W2139271848","https://openalex.org/W2145845226","https://openalex.org/W2168573299","https://openalex.org/W2171518283","https://openalex.org/W2316474525","https://openalex.org/W2548103763","https://openalex.org/W3163516315","https://openalex.org/W4300223101","https://openalex.org/W4302339339","https://openalex.org/W6640976449"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4242733035","https://openalex.org/W2363311713","https://openalex.org/W1970863749","https://openalex.org/W2357198663","https://openalex.org/W2476647282","https://openalex.org/W4400390723","https://openalex.org/W2361503959","https://openalex.org/W2186728440","https://openalex.org/W2128691297","https://openalex.org/W2007582184"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"a":[5,80],"novel":[6],"flag":[7],"dual":[8],"amplitude":[9],"pulse":[10],"position":[11],"modulation":[12,113,139],"(FDAPPM)":[13],"for":[14],"free":[15],"space":[16],"optical":[17],"(FSO)":[18],"systems":[19],"in":[20,72,86],"atmospheric":[21],"turbulence-induced":[22,74],"fading":[23,75],"channels.":[24],"The":[25,61],"proposed":[26,103],"scheme":[27,104],"provides":[28],"low":[29],"receiver":[30],"complexity":[31],"due":[32],"to":[33,123],"the":[34,42,47,57,68,83,102,108,125,128,132,137],"build-in":[35],"symbol":[36,49],"synchronization":[37],"and":[38,53,79,107,111,134],"does":[39],"not":[40],"have":[41],"insertion/deletion":[43],"errors":[44],"because":[45],"of":[46,56,67,82,88,101,127,131],"fixed":[48],"length.":[50],"Symbol":[51],"structure":[52],"transmission":[54],"rate":[55],"FDAPPM":[58,69,133],"are":[59,115,120],"introduced.":[60],"conditional":[62],"pairwise":[63],"error":[64,98,129],"probability":[65,99],"(PEP)":[66],"FSO":[70],"system":[71],"gamma-gamma":[73],"channels":[76],"is":[77,91,105],"derived,":[78],"closed-form":[81],"unconditional":[84],"PEP":[85],"terms":[87],"Meijer":[89],"G-function":[90],"presented.":[92],"A":[93],"high":[94],"SNRs":[95],"asymptotic":[96],"bit":[97],"(BEP)":[100],"presented,":[106],"diversity":[109],"order":[110],"SNR":[112],"gain":[114],"also":[116],"derived.":[117],"Numerical":[118],"results":[119],"further":[121],"demonstrated":[122],"confirm":[124],"analysis":[126],"performance":[130],"compared":[135],"with":[136],"conventional":[138],"schemes.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}