{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2022494906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2012.6378094","title":"Combined AdaBoost and gradientfaces for face detection under illumination problems","display_name":"Combined AdaBoost and gradientfaces for face detection under illumination problems","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2022494906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2012.6378094","mag":"2022494906"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2012.6378094","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2012.6378094","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022457755","display_name":"Tsang Ing Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3677-0264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25112270","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Pernambuco","ror":"https://ror.org/047908t24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ing Ren Tsang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Informatics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Informatics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028248531","display_name":"Jo\u00e3o Paulo Magalh\u00e3es","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6755-8901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25112270","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Pernambuco","ror":"https://ror.org/047908t24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joao Paulo Magalhaes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Informatics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil","Center of Informatics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Informatics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Informatics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084140678","display_name":"George D. C. Cavalcanti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7714-2283"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25112270","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Pernambuco","ror":"https://ror.org/047908t24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George D. C. Cavalcanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Informatics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil","Center of Informatics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Informatics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Informatics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022457755"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25112270"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5491,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67440258,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"2354","last_page":"2358"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaboost","display_name":"AdaBoost","score":0.8156686425209045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7922532558441162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7315809726715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.7309244871139526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.6910629868507385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5837587118148804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5634797811508179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5062553286552429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5015912055969238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-set","display_name":"Training set","score":0.49049562215805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.46580201387405396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.39181220531463623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141404830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2823869","display_name":"AdaBoost","level":3,"score":0.8156686425209045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7922532558441162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7315809726715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.7309244871139526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.6910629868507385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5837587118148804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5634797811508179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5062553286552429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5015912055969238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.49049562215805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.46580201387405396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.39181220531463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2012.6378094","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2012.6378094","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/00x0ma614"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323678","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco","ror":"https://ror.org/02te5rf52"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1570904403","https://openalex.org/W1988790447","https://openalex.org/W2033419168","https://openalex.org/W2103056131","https://openalex.org/W2106349070","https://openalex.org/W2115763357","https://openalex.org/W2138560582","https://openalex.org/W2155511848","https://openalex.org/W2159686933","https://openalex.org/W2164598857","https://openalex.org/W2911709767","https://openalex.org/W3097096317","https://openalex.org/W6675790838","https://openalex.org/W6758330063"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2096042813","https://openalex.org/W2047758967","https://openalex.org/W2294130405","https://openalex.org/W2242267494","https://openalex.org/W2116589437","https://openalex.org/W2392583168","https://openalex.org/W2373143428","https://openalex.org/W2063332791","https://openalex.org/W2041461853","https://openalex.org/W1877595604"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Regardless":[0],"of":[1,89],"several":[2],"different":[3,119],"methods":[4],"for":[5,69],"face":[6,32,51,71],"detection":[7,52,72],"have":[8,75],"been":[9],"developed":[10],"in":[11,24,29,92,99],"the":[12,55,70,87],"last":[13],"years,":[14],"there":[15],"are":[16,36],"still":[17],"situations":[18],"that":[19,112],"requires":[20],"more":[21],"improvements":[22],"especially":[23],"issues":[25],"related":[26],"to":[27,85],"variations":[28,91],"illumination":[30,108,132],"and":[31,42,105,122,130],"occlusion.":[33],"Illumination":[34],"problems":[35],"normally":[37],"handled":[38],"by":[39],"using":[40],"preprocessing,":[41],"model":[43],"or":[44],"training-based":[45],"approaches.":[46],"We":[47,74],"propose":[48],"here":[49],"a":[50,61,100],"method":[53,114],"combining":[54],"well-known":[56],"AdaBoost":[57,81],"with":[58,128],"Gradientfaces":[59,77],"following":[60],"model-based":[62],"approach,":[63],"which":[64],"was":[65],"not":[66],"yet":[67],"used":[68],"problem.":[73],"applied":[76],"before":[78],"training":[79],"an":[80],"Haar-based":[82],"cascade":[83],"classifier":[84],"overcome":[86],"problem":[88],"strong":[90,129],"illumination.":[93],"Cited":[94],"approaches":[95],"were":[96],"evaluated":[97],"first":[98],"data":[101],"set":[102],"containing":[103],"artificial":[104],"then":[106],"real":[107],"problems.":[109,133],"Experiments":[110],"show":[111],"proposed":[113],"is":[115],"stable":[116],"when":[117,126],"facing":[118],"lighting":[120],"conditions,":[121],"better":[123],"than":[124],"others":[125],"dealing":[127],"uncontrolled":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}