{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2127808662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2009.5346835","title":"Advancement in the twentieth century in artificial immune systems for optimization: Review and future outlook","display_name":"Advancement in the twentieth century in artificial immune systems for optimization: Review and future outlook","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2127808662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2009.5346835","mag":"2127808662"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2009.5346835","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2009.5346835","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102004967","display_name":"Eugene Y. Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7416-9405"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eugene Y. C. Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong","The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110296017","display_name":"Henry Y.K. Lau","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henry Y. K. Lau","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong","The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102004967"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2223,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61285636,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4195","last_page":"4202"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12391","display_name":"Artificial Immune Systems Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12391","display_name":"Artificial Immune Systems Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11020","display_name":"Immune Cell Function and Interaction","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-immune-system","display_name":"Artificial immune system","score":0.8357594013214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.656538724899292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clonal-selection","display_name":"Clonal selection","score":0.6095110177993774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.5518874526023865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4691395163536072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.3733368515968323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3503478169441223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23501011729240417}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93768804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2518735","display_name":"Artificial immune system","level":2,"score":0.8357594013214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.656538724899292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776954793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1150780","display_name":"Clonal selection","level":2,"score":0.6095110177993774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5518874526023865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4691395163536072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3733368515968323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3503478169441223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23501011729240417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2009.5346835","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2009.5346835","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hub.hku.hk:10722/99929","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10722/99929","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196271","display_name":"The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","host_organization_name":"University of Hong Kong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference_Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W29164706","https://openalex.org/W31937414","https://openalex.org/W99488971","https://openalex.org/W192749064","https://openalex.org/W1512244809","https://openalex.org/W1551186452","https://openalex.org/W1566766802","https://openalex.org/W1583309376","https://openalex.org/W1585939719","https://openalex.org/W1592991500","https://openalex.org/W1601422457","https://openalex.org/W1667189595","https://openalex.org/W1889709130","https://openalex.org/W1920685561","https://openalex.org/W1963568649","https://openalex.org/W1967428069","https://openalex.org/W1997681006","https://openalex.org/W2005462790","https://openalex.org/W2017654903","https://openalex.org/W2038334531","https://openalex.org/W2039007401","https://openalex.org/W2049886753","https://openalex.org/W2053900989","https://openalex.org/W2055025427","https://openalex.org/W2056540816","https://openalex.org/W2098990306","https://openalex.org/W2101473977","https://openalex.org/W2104266972","https://openalex.org/W2108398740","https://openalex.org/W2109474768","https://openalex.org/W2119849406","https://openalex.org/W2129624205","https://openalex.org/W2132159317","https://openalex.org/W2141999690","https://openalex.org/W2150336375","https://openalex.org/W2158500407","https://openalex.org/W2164934768","https://openalex.org/W2167159964","https://openalex.org/W2169206940","https://openalex.org/W2253226136","https://openalex.org/W2436767573","https://openalex.org/W3121147667","https://openalex.org/W4211183651","https://openalex.org/W6630522303","https://openalex.org/W6684212943"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2030638898","https://openalex.org/W2081539367","https://openalex.org/W3145928885","https://openalex.org/W2088728807","https://openalex.org/W2884484409","https://openalex.org/W1538629284","https://openalex.org/W2374810494","https://openalex.org/W1588530907","https://openalex.org/W2389202567","https://openalex.org/W1501052628"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Research":[0],"in":[1,11,22,73],"Artificial":[2],"Immune":[3],"Systems":[4],"(AIS)":[5],"for":[6,37,40],"optimization":[7,42],"has":[8],"attracted":[9],"attention":[10],"recent":[12,75],"years.":[13],"Exploration":[14],"and":[15,29,53,64],"adoption":[16],"of":[17,70,79],"the":[18,67,74,80],"inspired":[19],"immune":[20,25],"theories":[21],"clonal":[23],"selection,":[24,28],"network,":[26],"negative":[27],"danger":[30],"signaling":[31],"is":[32,83],"becoming":[33],"a":[34],"popular":[35],"basis":[36],"algorithm":[38],"design":[39],"solving":[41],"problems,":[43],"especially":[44],"on":[45,66],"multi-objective":[46],"optimizations.":[47],"Novel":[48],"algorithms":[49,72],"are":[50],"design,":[51],"benchmarked":[52],"applied":[54],"to":[55,62],"real":[56],"life":[57],"applications.":[58],"This":[59],"paper":[60],"aims":[61],"review":[63],"outlook":[65],"latest":[68],"development":[69],"AIS-based":[71],"decade.":[76],"An":[77],"analysis":[78],"AIS":[81],"applications":[82],"also":[84],"discussed.":[85]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}