{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2130547873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2009.5346132","title":"Dimensionality effects on the Markov property in Shape Memory Alloy hysteretic environment","display_name":"Dimensionality effects on the Markov property in Shape Memory Alloy hysteretic environment","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2130547873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2009.5346132","mag":"2130547873"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2009.5346132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2009.5346132","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019612785","display_name":"Kenton Kirkpatrick","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kenton Kirkpatrick","raw_affiliation_strings":["AeroSpace Engineering Department, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","Aerospace Engineering Department , Texas A&M University , College Station, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AeroSpace Engineering Department, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Engineering Department , Texas A&M University , College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007706088","display_name":"John Valasek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1999-0561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Valasek","raw_affiliation_strings":["AeroSpace Engineering Department, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","Aerospace Engineering Department , Texas A&M University , College Station, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AeroSpace Engineering Department, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Engineering Department , Texas A&M University , College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019612785"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15240802,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"2671","last_page":"2676"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10865","display_name":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10865","display_name":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11525","display_name":"Piezoelectric Actuators and Control","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11115","display_name":"Topology Optimization in Engineering","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8394134044647217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.7178490161895752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5954344272613525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.5940569043159485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hysteresis","display_name":"Hysteresis","score":0.5915529727935791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.5055873394012451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.4784441292285919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.4638735055923462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shape-memory-alloy","display_name":"Shape-memory alloy","score":0.4599340260028839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.4279128313064575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4109649658203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38035768270492554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.35428929328918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.2792050838470459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.2663425803184509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2087664008140564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08728921413421631}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8394134044647217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.7178490161895752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5954344272613525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.5940569043159485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123299182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190837","display_name":"Hysteresis","level":2,"score":0.5915529727935791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.5055873394012451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.4784441292285919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.4638735055923462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49097943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898455","display_name":"Shape-memory alloy","level":2,"score":0.4599340260028839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4279128313064575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4109649658203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38035768270492554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.35428929328918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2792050838470459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2663425803184509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2087664008140564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08728921413421631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2009.5346132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2009.5346132","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.703.8447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.703.8447","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://vscl.tamu.edu/valasek/papers/SMC-00914.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W106551690","https://openalex.org/W1515851193","https://openalex.org/W1967132033","https://openalex.org/W1976979139","https://openalex.org/W1992089262","https://openalex.org/W2000623029","https://openalex.org/W2018405775","https://openalex.org/W2020653586","https://openalex.org/W2023873858","https://openalex.org/W2024511534","https://openalex.org/W2031934450","https://openalex.org/W2036619160","https://openalex.org/W2048937019","https://openalex.org/W2051891848","https://openalex.org/W2053505478","https://openalex.org/W2064167877","https://openalex.org/W2064395125","https://openalex.org/W2073069195","https://openalex.org/W2086739640","https://openalex.org/W2088055340","https://openalex.org/W2094788163","https://openalex.org/W2104088720","https://openalex.org/W2121863487","https://openalex.org/W2160522427","https://openalex.org/W2172264025","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W6604272163"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W569866225","https://openalex.org/W4317821343","https://openalex.org/W2900265245","https://openalex.org/W2056723064","https://openalex.org/W4248728923","https://openalex.org/W607830317","https://openalex.org/W2315999538","https://openalex.org/W187740018","https://openalex.org/W2162286586","https://openalex.org/W4255368532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Shape":[0],"memory":[1,115,167],"alloy":[2,116,168],"actuators":[3,31],"can":[4,46,118],"be":[5,47],"used":[6],"for":[7,160],"morphing,":[8],"or":[9],"shape":[10,114,166],"change,":[11],"by":[12,20,121,155,174],"controlling":[13,161],"their":[14,26],"temperature,":[15],"which":[16],"is":[17,95,148,171],"effectively":[18],"done":[19],"applying":[21],"a":[22,58,157,165,183],"voltage":[23,38],"difference":[24],"across":[25],"length.":[27],"Control":[28],"of":[29,34,68,113,123,127,139,164],"these":[30],"requires":[32,71],"determination":[33],"the":[35,55,73,77,90,125,128,140,151,162,176],"relationship":[36],"between":[37],"and":[39,53,102,142],"strain":[40],"so":[41],"that":[42,72,92,107,145],"an":[43,188],"input-output":[44],"map":[45,54],"developed.":[48],"To":[49],"determine":[50],"this":[51,108],"policy":[52,159,186],"hysteretic":[56],"region,":[57],"reinforcement":[59,69,146,178],"learning":[60,70,74,111,134,147,153,156,179],"algorithm":[61],"called":[62],"Sarsa":[63],"was":[64],"used.":[65],"Proper":[66],"use":[67],"environment":[75,112,141,154],"have":[76],"Markov":[78],"property.":[79],"However,":[80],"hysteresis":[81,117],"spaces":[82],"are":[83],"commonly":[84],"referenced":[85],"as":[86],"non-Markovian":[87,110],"due":[88],"to":[89,97,181],"fact":[91],"state":[93],"history":[94],"needed":[96],"properly":[98],"predict":[99],"future":[100],"states":[101],"rewards.":[103],"This":[104,170],"paper":[105,132],"reveals":[106],"formerly":[109],"become":[119],"Markovian":[120],"means":[122],"increasing":[124],"dimensionality":[126],"measured":[129],"states.":[130],"The":[131],"compares":[133],"attempts":[135],"in":[136,150,187],"both":[137],"versions":[138],"will":[143],"show":[144],"successful":[149],"modified":[152,177],"near-optimal":[158,184],"length":[163],"wire.":[169],"then":[172],"validated":[173],"using":[175],"agent":[180],"learn":[182],"control":[185],"experimental":[189],"setting.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
