{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2165383317","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2009.5345908","title":"A cumulative belief-degree approach for nuclear safeguards evaluation","display_name":"A cumulative belief-degree approach for nuclear safeguards evaluation","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2165383317","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2009.5345908","mag":"2165383317"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2009.5345908","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2009.5345908","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083148968","display_name":"\u00d6zg\u00fcr Kabak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5542-309X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114391","display_name":"Belgian Nuclear Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/020xs5r81","country_code":"BE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114391"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ozgur Kabak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN), Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN), Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114391"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104092668","display_name":"Da Ruan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114391","display_name":"Belgian Nuclear Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/020xs5r81","country_code":"BE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114391"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Da Ruan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN), Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN), Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114391"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0823,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88316191,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"2216","last_page":"2221"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.919700026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-fuel-cycle","display_name":"Nuclear fuel cycle","score":0.6799769401550293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.543701171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/belief-structure","display_name":"Belief structure","score":0.5255588293075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atomic-energy","display_name":"Atomic energy","score":0.4911949336528778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agency","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","score":0.48677515983581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.45287665724754333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dempster\u2013shafer-theory","display_name":"Dempster\u2013Shafer theory","score":0.4416344463825226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-weapon","display_name":"Nuclear weapon","score":0.4333495497703552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.42262470722198486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.4020426869392395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.4013850688934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2675461173057556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.2666020393371582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2153204381465912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-engineering","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","score":0.12971451878547668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-cycle","display_name":"Fuel cycle","score":0.12235137820243835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1120278537273407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.1021273136138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.1007344126701355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777930111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877079","display_name":"Nuclear fuel cycle","level":3,"score":0.6799769401550293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.543701171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44973800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4882755","display_name":"Belief structure","level":2,"score":0.5255588293075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779740123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817330","display_name":"Atomic energy","level":3,"score":0.4911949336528778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.48677515983581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.45287665724754333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178011137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285997","display_name":"Dempster\u2013Shafer theory","level":2,"score":0.4416344463825226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194110935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12802","display_name":"Nuclear weapon","level":2,"score":0.4333495497703552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.42262470722198486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.4020426869392395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.4013850688934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2675461173057556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2666020393371582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2153204381465912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.12971451878547668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993014791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877079","display_name":"Fuel cycle","level":2,"score":0.12235137820243835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1120278537273407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1021273136138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1007344126701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2009.5345908","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2009.5345908","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:archive.ugent.be:2918808","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/2918808","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400478","display_name":"Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","host_organization_name":"Ghent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISBN: 9781424427932","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.sckcen.be:10038/1270","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10038/1270","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922852","display_name":"SCK CEN Institutional Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"paper proceeding"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7300000190734863}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2010586033","https://openalex.org/W2104179665","https://openalex.org/W2105372009","https://openalex.org/W2105817801","https://openalex.org/W2109034551","https://openalex.org/W2111211679","https://openalex.org/W2134279276","https://openalex.org/W2170907562","https://openalex.org/W6676140127"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2462429921","https://openalex.org/W4206090548","https://openalex.org/W4382073206","https://openalex.org/W3017136898","https://openalex.org/W2600155287","https://openalex.org/W2084973197","https://openalex.org/W2565622462","https://openalex.org/W2116644838","https://openalex.org/W2376340883","https://openalex.org/W2557615555"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nuclear":[0],"safeguards":[1,90],"are":[2,118,130],"a":[3,10,34,106,161],"set":[4],"of":[5,41,83,98,149,155,168],"activities":[6,43],"to":[7,15,20,57,67,110,120,132,164],"verify":[8],"that":[9,38],"State":[11,73],"is":[12,39,93,108,137,144],"living":[13],"up":[14],"its":[16],"international":[17],"undertakings":[18],"not":[19],"use":[21],"nuclear":[22,25,46,89],"programs":[23],"for":[24,51],"weapons":[26],"purposes.":[27],"International":[28],"Atomic":[29],"Energy":[30],"Agency":[31],"(IAEA)":[32],"uses":[33],"hierarchical":[35],"assessment":[36],"system":[37],"composed":[40],"critical":[42],"in":[44,88,95],"the":[45,52,55,59,69,84,96,99,122,134,147,166,169],"fuel":[47],"cycle,":[48],"processes":[49],"required":[50],"activities,":[53],"and":[54,79,125,152],"indicators":[56,70],"evaluate":[58,68],"processes.":[60],"IAEA":[61,77],"experts":[62],"benefit":[63],"from":[64],"several":[65],"sources":[66],"such":[71],"as":[72],"declarations,":[74],"on-site":[75],"inspections,":[76],"databases,":[78],"open":[80],"sources.":[81],"One":[82],"most":[85],"important":[86],"problems":[87],"evaluation":[91],"(NSE)":[92],"observed":[94],"aggregation":[97],"multiple":[100],"expert":[101,123],"evaluations.":[102,135],"In":[103],"this":[104,112],"study,":[105],"methodology":[107],"proposed":[109,119,170],"solve":[111],"problem":[113],"where":[114],"fuzzy":[115],"linguistic":[116],"terms":[117],"represent":[121],"evaluations":[124],"cumulative":[126],"belief":[127,141],"degrees":[128],"(CBDs)":[129],"applied":[131],"aggregate":[133],"CBD":[136],"introduced":[138],"based":[139],"on":[140,146],"structure,":[142],"which":[143],"developed":[145],"basis":[148],"decision":[150],"theory":[151,154],"Dempster-Shafer":[153],"evidence.":[156],"The":[157],"study":[158],"also":[159],"presents":[160],"numerical":[162],"example":[163],"show":[165],"applicability":[167],"methodology.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
