{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1480589851","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2005.1571524","title":"A Novel Weighted Probabilistic Neural Network for MR Image Segmentation","display_name":"A Novel Weighted Probabilistic Neural Network for MR Image Segmentation","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1480589851","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2005.1571524","mag":"1480589851"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2005.1571524","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2005.1571524","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2005 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100459487","display_name":"Tao Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4995-3537"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160856358","display_name":"University of San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/03jbbze48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160856358"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tao Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radiology Department, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA","Radiol. Dept., California Univ., San Diego, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiology Department, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I160856358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiol. Dept., California Univ., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059082898","display_name":"Mohammad Jamshidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5312-6497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mo Jamshidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Autonomous Control Engineering Center, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA","University of New Mexico;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Autonomous Control Engineering Center, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Mexico;","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065432727","display_name":"Randall Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160856358","display_name":"University of San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/03jbbze48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160856358"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.R. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radiology Department, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA","University of California at San Diego"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiology Department, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I160856358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110236237","display_name":"Mei\u2010Hua Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9028-6857"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160856358","display_name":"University of San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/03jbbze48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160856358"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingxiong Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radiology Department, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA","University of California at San Diego"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiology Department, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I160856358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100459487"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160856358","https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3114,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56097014,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"2501","last_page":"2506"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-neural-network","display_name":"Probabilistic neural network","score":0.7048380970954895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6924344301223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6318849325180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6233493089675903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6166423559188843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5767014622688293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.566859781742096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.5244303345680237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5047010183334351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4416118562221527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.4208770990371704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-delay-neural-network","display_name":"Time delay neural network","score":0.24281778931617737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.20957708358764648}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134342201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7246859","display_name":"Probabilistic neural network","level":4,"score":0.7048380970954895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6924344301223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6318849325180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6233493089675903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6166423559188843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5767014622688293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.566859781742096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.5244303345680237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5047010183334351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4416118562221527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.4208770990371704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175202392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2434543","display_name":"Time delay neural network","level":3,"score":0.24281778931617737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.20957708358764648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2005.1571524","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2005.1571524","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2005 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306127","display_name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W140092586","https://openalex.org/W1486587513","https://openalex.org/W1679913846","https://openalex.org/W1964168965","https://openalex.org/W1970800786","https://openalex.org/W2006004974","https://openalex.org/W2015513598","https://openalex.org/W2036885187","https://openalex.org/W2076608722","https://openalex.org/W2093090592","https://openalex.org/W2099290282","https://openalex.org/W2108843657","https://openalex.org/W2111882553","https://openalex.org/W2118386984","https://openalex.org/W2123210304","https://openalex.org/W2134190526","https://openalex.org/W2136573752","https://openalex.org/W2151050383","https://openalex.org/W2153087078","https://openalex.org/W2171765626","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4388297464"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2180954594","https://openalex.org/W2052835778","https://openalex.org/W2049003611","https://openalex.org/W2108418243","https://openalex.org/W2127804977","https://openalex.org/W164103134","https://openalex.org/W2787352659","https://openalex.org/W3011024708","https://openalex.org/W1991381172","https://openalex.org/W2988849960"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"a":[5],"modified":[6],"probabilistic":[7,23,30,110],"neural":[8,24,31,90],"network,":[9],"and":[10,145,148],"applied":[11],"it":[12],"to":[13,21,52,59,99],"brain":[14],"magnetic":[15],"resonance":[16],"(MR)":[17],"image":[18],"segmentation.":[19],"Comparing":[20],"conventional":[22],"network":[25,32,91],"(PNN),":[26],"the":[27,75,82,93,101,146,151],"so-called":[28],"weighted":[29],"(WPNN):":[33],"1)":[34],"uses":[35],"covariance":[36],"matrices":[37],"instead":[38],"of":[39,96,150],"singular":[40],"smoothing":[41],"factor":[42],"in":[43,50,67,74,81],"kernel":[44],"Junction;":[45],"2)":[46],"adds":[47],"weighting":[48,127],"factors":[49,128],"pattern":[51],"summation":[53],"layer.":[54],"The":[55],"WPNN":[56,97],"is":[57,123],"able":[58],"take":[60],"partial":[61],"volume":[62],"effect,":[63],"which":[64],"exists":[65],"commonly":[66],"MR":[68],"imaging,":[69],"into":[70],"account":[71],"not":[72],"only":[73],"final":[76],"resulting":[77],"stage,":[78],"but":[79],"also":[80],"modeling":[83],"process.":[84],"We":[85],"adopt":[86],"self-organizing":[87],"map":[88],"(SOM)":[89],"as":[92],"previous":[94],"step":[95],"classifier,":[98],"quantize":[100],"input":[102],"data.":[103],"SOM":[104,134],"yields":[105],"reference":[106,135],"vectors":[107],"necessary":[108],"for":[109,132],"density":[111],"function":[112],"estimation.":[113],"A":[114],"supervised":[115],"\"soft\"":[116],"labeling":[117],"mechanism":[118],"based":[119],"on":[120],"Bayesian":[121],"algorithm":[122],"developed,":[124],"such":[125],"that":[126],"can":[129],"be":[130],"generated":[131],"each":[133],"vector.":[136],"Tissue":[137],"segmentation":[138],"results":[139],"from":[140],"various":[141],"algorithms":[142],"are":[143,154],"compared,":[144],"effectiveness":[147],"robustness":[149],"proposed":[152],"approach":[153],"demonstrated.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
