{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2101811579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2004.1400654","title":"A real-time face detector","display_name":"A real-time face detector","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-03-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2101811579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2004.1400654","mag":"2101811579"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2004.1400654","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2004.1400654","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2004 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37583)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101606837","display_name":"Sicheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0128-5472"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Si-Cheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Media Technology, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","Center for Media Technol., City Univ. of Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Media Technology, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Media Technol., City Univ. of Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100415118","display_name":"Zhiqiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2135-8581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi-Qiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Media Technology, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","Center for Media Technol., City Univ. of Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Media Technology, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Media Technol., City Univ. of Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101606837"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5875,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70348958,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"2197","last_page":"2202"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.8072190284729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.7246825098991394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7198273539543152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7119461297988892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.7103577852249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6855608224868774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ellipse","display_name":"Ellipse","score":0.6683826446533203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-class-detection","display_name":"Object-class detection","score":0.539649248123169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texture","display_name":"Texture (cosmology)","score":0.5212972164154053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4827277362346649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.48208552598953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.4682416021823883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16031032800674438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.09501519799232483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.04937615990638733}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.8072190284729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.7246825098991394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7198273539543152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7119461297988892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.7103577852249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6855608224868774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74261601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40112","display_name":"Ellipse","level":2,"score":0.6683826446533203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71681937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object-class detection","level":5,"score":0.539649248123169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781195486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289436","display_name":"Texture (cosmology)","level":3,"score":0.5212972164154053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4827277362346649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.48208552598953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.4682416021823883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16031032800674438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.09501519799232483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.04937615990638733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2004.1400654","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2004.1400654","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2004 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37583)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1600517698","https://openalex.org/W1638573433","https://openalex.org/W1971031128","https://openalex.org/W2115763357","https://openalex.org/W2121601095","https://openalex.org/W2342089072","https://openalex.org/W3097096317","https://openalex.org/W3214102110","https://openalex.org/W6635954961","https://openalex.org/W6804270185"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2181570714","https://openalex.org/W3033332270","https://openalex.org/W1581632702","https://openalex.org/W212313038","https://openalex.org/W2336272890","https://openalex.org/W3211418293","https://openalex.org/W325114128","https://openalex.org/W3183843611","https://openalex.org/W4308999381","https://openalex.org/W4308999963"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,48],"present":[4,76],"a":[5,10,35,50,58,67,93],"real-time":[6,94],"face":[7,18,22,30,43,53,68,71],"detector":[8,23],"using":[9],"hybrid":[11],"template":[12],"that":[13,82],"characterizes":[14],"face-like":[15],"shapes":[16],"and":[17,41,56],"texture":[19,54,59],"patterns.":[20],"The":[21],"consists":[24],"of":[25,52,66],"two":[26],"main":[27],"stages:":[28],"(1)":[29],"shape":[31,72],"detection":[32,39],"based":[33],"on":[34],"modified":[36],"fast":[37],"ellipse":[38],"algorithm":[40],"(2)":[42],"candidate":[44,73],"verification":[45],"in":[46,69],"which":[47,80],"define":[49],"set":[51],"patterns":[55],"extend":[57],"description":[60],"method":[61],"to":[62,88],"verifying":[63],"the":[64,70,83],"presence":[65],"region.":[74],"We":[75],"our":[77],"experimental":[78],"results":[79],"shows":[81],"proposed":[84],"approach":[85],"is":[86],"able":[87],"achieve":[89],"high":[90],"accuracy":[91],"with":[92],"performance.":[95]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}