{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2156004686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2003.1244584","title":"Rule extraction from neural networks for intrusion detection in computer networks","display_name":"Rule extraction from neural networks for intrusion detection in computer networks","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2156004686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2003.1244584","mag":"2156004686"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2003.1244584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2003.1244584","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SMC'03 Conference Proceedings. 2003 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Conference Theme - System Security and Assurance (Cat. No.03CH37483)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111290354","display_name":"A. Hofmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6311-2323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Hofmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Passau, Passau, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Passau, Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007320706","display_name":"Caro Schmitz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9135-727X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889804353","display_name":"Robert Bosch (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/01fe0jt45","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889804353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Schmitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robert Bosch GmbH, Leonberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robert Bosch GmbH, Leonberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889804353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065340030","display_name":"Bernhard Sick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9467-656X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Sick","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Passau, Passau, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Passau, Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8041,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7463836,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"1259","last_page":"1265"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9812999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8013916015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.7865685224533081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.7324697971343994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5853569507598877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5621976256370544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4851118326187134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.45127999782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-based-intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Anomaly-based intrusion detection system","score":0.4484555125236511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.42241156101226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.10001561045646667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8013916015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.7865685224533081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.7324697971343994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5853569507598877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5621976256370544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4851118326187134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.45127999782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137524506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2247688","display_name":"Anomaly-based intrusion detection system","level":3,"score":0.4484555125236511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.42241156101226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.10001561045646667}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2003.1244584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2003.1244584","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SMC'03 Conference Proceedings. 2003 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Conference Theme - System Security and Assurance (Cat. No.03CH37483)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W47128722","https://openalex.org/W1489920315","https://openalex.org/W1491127199","https://openalex.org/W1517809879","https://openalex.org/W1525998463","https://openalex.org/W1527626489","https://openalex.org/W1547440511","https://openalex.org/W1547466200","https://openalex.org/W1554663460","https://openalex.org/W1555565737","https://openalex.org/W1577117059","https://openalex.org/W1797669587","https://openalex.org/W1931353891","https://openalex.org/W1959547409","https://openalex.org/W1964549039","https://openalex.org/W1970447461","https://openalex.org/W1971751469","https://openalex.org/W1986733968","https://openalex.org/W1989574962","https://openalex.org/W1999427165","https://openalex.org/W2002011878","https://openalex.org/W2020822564","https://openalex.org/W2063046703","https://openalex.org/W2065204741","https://openalex.org/W2081706040","https://openalex.org/W2104973097","https://openalex.org/W2120617515","https://openalex.org/W2123104473","https://openalex.org/W2123180327","https://openalex.org/W2124776405","https://openalex.org/W2138650149","https://openalex.org/W2140506849","https://openalex.org/W2146196597","https://openalex.org/W2166657964","https://openalex.org/W2168371457","https://openalex.org/W2170702935","https://openalex.org/W3151800125","https://openalex.org/W3214373139","https://openalex.org/W4244296837","https://openalex.org/W4282975758","https://openalex.org/W4302413710","https://openalex.org/W4388297464","https://openalex.org/W6629259642","https://openalex.org/W6629311965","https://openalex.org/W6631032764","https://openalex.org/W6631421880","https://openalex.org/W6631595625","https://openalex.org/W6634531175","https://openalex.org/W6647185445","https://openalex.org/W6678329373","https://openalex.org/W6678851513","https://openalex.org/W6681545543","https://openalex.org/W6684679328","https://openalex.org/W6684938436","https://openalex.org/W6803782233"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2337148208","https://openalex.org/W3004832009","https://openalex.org/W3036013726","https://openalex.org/W1971929717","https://openalex.org/W1724519426","https://openalex.org/W2351051591","https://openalex.org/W2369534771","https://openalex.org/W2357468538","https://openalex.org/W1548126107","https://openalex.org/W2209997499"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,43],"many":[1],"neural":[2,16,57],"network":[3,9],"applications,":[4],"the":[5,8,34,37,44,50,62,92,106,111],"understanding":[6],"of":[7,52,66,78,94,110],"functionality":[10],"is":[11,86],"an":[12],"important":[13],"issue.":[14],"Trained":[15],"networks":[17],"are":[18],"often":[19],"termed":[20],"as":[21],"\"black":[22],"boxes\"":[23],"which":[24],"do":[25],"not":[26],"allow":[27],"to":[28],"get":[29],"a":[30,72],"deeper":[31],"insight":[32],"into":[33],"relationships":[35],"between":[36],"input":[38],"(feature)":[39],"and":[40,64,91,102],"output":[41],"spaces.":[42],"past":[45],"years":[46],"some":[47],"researchers":[48],"addressed":[49],"problem":[51],"rule":[53,68],"extraction":[54,69],"from":[55],"trained":[56],"networks.":[58,82],"This":[59,83],"article":[60],"investigates":[61],"properties":[63],"results":[65],"different":[67],"techniques":[70],"in":[71,80],"specific":[73],"application":[74,84],"area:":[75],"The":[76],"detection":[77,90,97],"intrusions":[79],"computer":[81],"area":[85],"chosen":[87],"because":[88],"intrusion":[89,96],"development":[93],"appropriate":[95],"systems":[98],"(IDS)":[99],"gains":[100],"more":[101,103],"importance":[104],"with":[105],"rapidly":[107],"increasing":[108],"impact":[109],"Internet.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}