{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1857925822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.1998.728199","title":"Type-2 fuzzy logic systems: type-reduction","display_name":"Type-2 fuzzy logic systems: type-reduction","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1857925822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.1998.728199","mag":"1857925822"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.1998.728199","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.1998.728199","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SMC'98 Conference Proceedings. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (Cat. No.98CH36218)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111890843","display_name":"N.N. Karnik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116219","display_name":"Engineering Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02qg60849","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116219"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N.N. Karnik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering Systems, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering Systems, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116219","https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028699912","display_name":"Jerry M. Mendel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6377-2452"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116219","display_name":"Engineering Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02qg60849","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116219"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.M. Mendel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering Systems, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering Systems, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116219","https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111890843"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I4210116219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5858,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":193,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94866407,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"2046","last_page":"2051"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10820","display_name":"Fuzzy Logic and Control Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10820","display_name":"Fuzzy Logic and Control Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9549999833106995,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11727","display_name":"Advanced Algebra and Logic","score":0.949400007724762,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.7136391997337341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defuzzification","display_name":"Defuzzification","score":0.6770456433296204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type","display_name":"Type (biology)","score":0.6722949147224426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.5601027607917786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reducer","display_name":"Reducer","score":0.5062028765678406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49298927187919617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.49145781993865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-set","display_name":"Fuzzy set","score":0.4572962522506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.41233786940574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.38363927602767944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3810151219367981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-number","display_name":"Fuzzy number","score":0.3246453106403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11545202136039734}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7136391997337341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170260401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251735","display_name":"Defuzzification","level":5,"score":0.6770456433296204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777299769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3707858","display_name":"Type (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6722949147224426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5601027607917786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776985865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26820931","display_name":"Reducer","level":2,"score":0.5062028765678406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49298927187919617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.49145781993865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42011625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055058","display_name":"Fuzzy set","level":3,"score":0.4572962522506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41233786940574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.38363927602767944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3810151219367981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1883856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3407463","display_name":"Fuzzy number","level":4,"score":0.3246453106403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11545202136039734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.1998.728199","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.1998.728199","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SMC'98 Conference Proceedings. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (Cat. No.98CH36218)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2026829949","https://openalex.org/W2032521963","https://openalex.org/W2067259779","https://openalex.org/W2111361149","https://openalex.org/W2126930230","https://openalex.org/W2157041604","https://openalex.org/W2330022088","https://openalex.org/W4245152641","https://openalex.org/W4299819199"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2773005380","https://openalex.org/W4388451300","https://openalex.org/W2060361571","https://openalex.org/W1879432897","https://openalex.org/W2256857057","https://openalex.org/W3167814444","https://openalex.org/W3176863924","https://openalex.org/W2023513928","https://openalex.org/W2182392910","https://openalex.org/W4361984403"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Type-reduction":[0],"in":[1,16,35],"a":[2,17,29,40],"type-2":[3,30,61],"fuzzy":[4],"logic":[5],"system":[6],"(FLS)":[7],"is":[8],"an":[9],"\"extended\"":[10],"version":[11],"of":[12,28],"the":[13,26],"defuzzification":[14],"operation":[15],"type-1":[18],"FLS.":[19],"In":[20],"this":[21],"paper,":[22],"we":[23],"briefly":[24],"review":[25],"structure":[27],"FLS":[31],"and":[32,43],"describe":[33],"type-reduction":[34,57],"detail.":[36],"We":[37,50],"focus":[38],"on":[39],"center-of-sets":[41],"type-reducer,":[42],"provide":[44,52],"some":[45,53],"examples":[46],"to":[47,56],"illustrate":[48],"it.":[49],"also":[51],"practical":[54],"approximations":[55],"computations":[58],"for":[59],"certain":[60],"membership":[62],"functions.":[63]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}