{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2121835029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsm.2009.5306307","title":"Analysis of pervasive multiple-component defects in a large software system","display_name":"Analysis of pervasive multiple-component defects in a large software system","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2121835029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsm.2009.5306307","mag":"2121835029"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsm.2009.5306307","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsm.2009.5306307","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059580144","display_name":"Zude Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zude Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Western Ontario, London, ONT, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Western Ontario, London, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037142531","display_name":"Mechelle Gittens","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158067","display_name":"University of the West Indies","ror":"https://ror.org/05p4f7w60","country_code":"BB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137799390","https://openalex.org/I4210158067"]}],"countries":["BB","CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mechelle Gittens","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Western Ontario, London, ONT, Canada","University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Western Ontario, London, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032967266","display_name":"Syed Shariyar Murtaza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3330-4783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Shariyar Murtaza","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Western Ontario, London, ONT, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Western Ontario, London, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000893987","display_name":"Nazim H. Madhavji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5207-3203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nazim H. Madhavji","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Western Ontario, London, ONT, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Western Ontario, London, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026957450","display_name":"Andriy Miranskyy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7747-9043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113654","display_name":"IBM (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/025sxka56","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210113654"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andriy V. Miranskyy","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Canada Limited, Toronto, ONT, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Canada Limited, Toronto, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113654"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103849592","display_name":"David Godwin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113654","display_name":"IBM (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/025sxka56","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210113654"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Godwin","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Canada Limited, Toronto, ONT, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Canada Limited, Toronto, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113654"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066572181","display_name":"Enzo Cialini","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113654","display_name":"IBM (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/025sxka56","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210113654"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enzo Cialini","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Canada Limited, Toronto, ONT, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Canada Limited, Toronto, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113654"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8822,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94574185,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"265","last_page":"273"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.6918014287948608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6125903725624084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-bug","display_name":"Software bug","score":0.5001308917999268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-lines-of-code","display_name":"Source lines of code","score":0.4873986840248108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4680566191673279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-system","display_name":"Software system","score":0.45922863483428955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component-based-software-engineering","display_name":"Component-based software engineering","score":0.44860130548477173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.39480897784233093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.33993440866470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2628821134567261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17523902654647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09780022501945496}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.6918014287948608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6125903725624084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1009929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179550","display_name":"Software bug","level":3,"score":0.5001308917999268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199519371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942695","display_name":"Source lines of code","level":3,"score":0.4873986840248108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4680566191673279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.45922863483428955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174683762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q609588","display_name":"Component-based software engineering","level":4,"score":0.44860130548477173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.39480897784233093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.33993440866470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2628821134567261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17523902654647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09780022501945496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsm.2009.5306307","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsm.2009.5306307","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W164848748","https://openalex.org/W165425967","https://openalex.org/W184642868","https://openalex.org/W1488688115","https://openalex.org/W1630929475","https://openalex.org/W1665725391","https://openalex.org/W1963980552","https://openalex.org/W1976693665","https://openalex.org/W1981222135","https://openalex.org/W1986269798","https://openalex.org/W1986736724","https://openalex.org/W2066459581","https://openalex.org/W2090672438","https://openalex.org/W2099148052","https://openalex.org/W2120692198","https://openalex.org/W2126538733","https://openalex.org/W2127453658","https://openalex.org/W2141051748","https://openalex.org/W2154816175","https://openalex.org/W2158590077","https://openalex.org/W2159610968","https://openalex.org/W2161482408","https://openalex.org/W3022728199","https://openalex.org/W4248521920","https://openalex.org/W6606760180","https://openalex.org/W6629482928"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348289213","https://openalex.org/W2018121945","https://openalex.org/W2677345884","https://openalex.org/W4235602047","https://openalex.org/W1837917562","https://openalex.org/W2379062178","https://openalex.org/W2101817543","https://openalex.org/W2365172741","https://openalex.org/W114740100","https://openalex.org/W2373416126"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Certain":[0],"software":[1,49],"defects":[2,18,29,32,72,101],"require":[3],"corrective":[4],"changes":[5,113],"repeatedly":[6],"in":[7,87,139],"a":[8,46,94],"few":[9],"components":[10,21,79,135],"of":[11,16,22,42,45,58,69,77,112,132,159],"the":[12,23,67,75,109,124,147,164],"system.":[13],"One":[14],"type":[15],"such":[17,28,71],"spans":[19],"multiple":[20],"system,":[24],"and":[25,73,82,162,169],"we":[26,37],"call":[27],"pervasive":[30],"multiple-component":[31],"(PMCDs).":[33],"In":[34],"this":[35,88],"paper,":[36],"describe":[38],"an":[39],"empirical":[40],"study":[41,89],"six":[43],"releases":[44],"large":[47],"legacy":[48],"system":[50],"(of":[51],"approx.":[52],"size":[53],"20":[54],"million":[55],"physical":[56],"lines":[57],"code)":[59],"to":[60,157],"analyze":[61],"PMCDs":[62,92,117],"with":[63],"respect":[64],"to:":[65],"(1)":[66],"complexity":[68],"fixing":[70,116],"(2)":[74],"persistence":[76],"defect-prone":[78,134,138],"across":[80],"phases":[81,141],"releases.":[83,143],"The":[84],"overall":[85,148],"hypothesis":[86,149],"is":[90,118],"that":[91,108],"inflict":[93],"greater":[95],"negative":[96],"impact":[97],"than":[98],"do":[99],"other":[100,160],"on":[102,166],"defect-correction":[103],"efficacy.":[104],"Our":[105],"findings":[106,145],"show":[107],"average":[110,125],"number":[111],"required":[114],"for":[115,126],"20-30":[119],"times":[120],"as":[121,123],"much":[122],"all":[127],"defects.":[128],"Also,":[129],"over":[130],"80%":[131],"PMCD-contained":[133],"still":[136],"remain":[137],"successive":[140],"or":[142],"These":[144],"support":[146],"strongly.":[150],"We":[151],"compare":[152],"our":[153],"results,":[154],"where":[155],"possible,":[156],"those":[158],"researchers":[161],"discuss":[163],"implications":[165],"maintenance":[167],"processes":[168],"tools.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}