{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2159721485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsm.2003.1235437","title":"A multiple hill climbing approach to software module clustering","display_name":"A multiple hill climbing approach to software module clustering","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2159721485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsm.2003.1235437","mag":"2159721485"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsm.2003.1235437","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsm.2003.1235437","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Conference on Software Maintenance, 2003. ICSM 2003. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/3396/1/A%20multiple%20hill%20climbing%20approach%20to%20software%20module%20clustering.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024150069","display_name":"Kiarash Mahdavi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Mahdavi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brunei University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brunei University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000019783","display_name":"Mark Harman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5864-4488"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Harman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brunei University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brunei University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009644797","display_name":"Robert M. Hierons","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4771-1446"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.M. Hierons","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brunei University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brunei University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":20.9994,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":166,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9911514,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"315","last_page":"324"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.8387209177017212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-programming","display_name":"Modular programming","score":0.7315089106559753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7224335074424744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hill-climbing","display_name":"Hill climbing","score":0.6510075926780701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5500038862228394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5449967384338379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5087998509407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.44330716133117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33230873942375183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.10127022862434387}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.8387209177017212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88482812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6453666","display_name":"Modular programming","level":2,"score":0.7315089106559753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7224335074424744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135450995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q820272","display_name":"Hill climbing","level":2,"score":0.6510075926780701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5500038862228394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5449967384338379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5087998509407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.44330716133117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33230873942375183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.10127022862434387}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsm.2003.1235437","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsm.2003.1235437","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Conference on Software Maintenance, 2003. ICSM 2003. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:bura.brunel.ac.uk:2438/3396","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/3396","pdf_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/3396/1/A%20multiple%20hill%20climbing%20approach%20to%20software%20module%20clustering.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401473","display_name":"Brunel University Research Archive (BURA) (Brunel University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","host_organization_name":"Brunel University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1302149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1302149/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"     In:  INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE, PROCEEDINGS.  (pp. 315 - 324).  IEEE COMPUTER SOC (2003)     ","raw_type":"Proceedings paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:publications/99b33b88-181a-4709-b66f-98525f967303","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/99b33b88-181a-4709-b66f-98525f967303","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Mahdavi, K, Harman, M & Hierons, R M 2003, A Multiple Hill Climbing Approach to Software Module Clustering. in ICSM 2003 : Proceedings of the International on Software Maintenance. N/A edn, vol. N/A, Los Alamitos, California, pp. 315-324. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSM.2003.1235437","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:bura.brunel.ac.uk:2438/3396","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/3396","pdf_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/3396/1/A%20multiple%20hill%20climbing%20approach%20to%20software%20module%20clustering.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401473","display_name":"Brunel University Research Archive (BURA) (Brunel University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","host_organization_name":"Brunel University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8250000819","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GR/R43150","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310343","display_name":"Drexel University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bdffz58"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2159721485.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2159721485.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1516600607","https://openalex.org/W1567387283","https://openalex.org/W1749839816","https://openalex.org/W1914987135","https://openalex.org/W1947878561","https://openalex.org/W2051925582","https://openalex.org/W2097571405","https://openalex.org/W2110244733","https://openalex.org/W2122365435","https://openalex.org/W2267333910","https://openalex.org/W2913634421","https://openalex.org/W3121811447","https://openalex.org/W4210424113","https://openalex.org/W4400179835","https://openalex.org/W6633911093","https://openalex.org/W6637781818","https://openalex.org/W6788698525"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2095911326","https://openalex.org/W2393702438","https://openalex.org/W2391644119","https://openalex.org/W2060456459","https://openalex.org/W2368574244","https://openalex.org/W2372613066","https://openalex.org/W2354835639","https://openalex.org/W2389048661","https://openalex.org/W2347353649","https://openalex.org/W2013010243"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automated":[0],"software":[1],"module":[2,18,28,50],"clustering":[3,51],"is":[4],"important":[5],"for":[6,91],"maintenance":[7],"of":[8,59,79,106,121,129],"legacy":[9],"systems":[10,22],"written":[11],"in":[12,103,149],"a":[13,77,104],"'monolithic":[14],"format'":[15],"with":[16,26],"inadequate":[17],"boundaries.":[19],"Even":[20],"where":[21,53],"were":[23],"originally":[24],"designed":[25],"suitable":[27],"boundaries,":[29],"structure":[30],"tends":[31],"to":[32,47,65,86,146],"degrade":[33],"as":[34],"the":[35,48,55,70,100,113,122,127,136,144,156,159,163],"system":[36,164],"evolves,":[37],"making":[38],"re-modularization":[39],"worthwhile.":[40],"This":[41,110],"paper":[42,71,125,153],"focuses":[43],"upon":[44],"search-based":[45],"approaches":[46],"automated":[49],"problem,":[52],"hitherto,":[54],"local":[56],"search":[57,114,145],"approach":[58,140],"hill":[60,81,108,138],"climbing":[61,139],"has":[62],"been":[63],"found":[64],"be":[66,84],"most":[67],"successful.":[68],"In":[69],"we":[72],"show":[73,134],"that":[74,133,135],"results":[75,128,161],"from":[76],"set":[78],"multiple":[80,137],"climbs":[82],"can":[83],"combined":[85],"locate":[87],"good":[88],"'building":[89],"blocks'":[90],"subsequent":[92,150],"searches.":[93],"Building":[94],"blocks":[95],"are":[96],"formed":[97],"by":[98],"identifying":[99],"common":[101],"features":[102],"selection":[105],"best":[107],"climbs.":[109],"process":[111],"reduces":[112],"space,":[115],"while":[116],"simultaneously":[117],"'hard":[118],"wiring'":[119],"parts":[120],"solution.":[123],"The":[124,152],"reports":[126],"an":[130],"empirical":[131],"study":[132],"does":[141],"indeed":[142],"guide":[143],"higher":[147],"peaks":[148],"executions.":[151],"also":[154],"investigates":[155],"relationship":[157],"between":[158],"improved":[160],"and":[162],"size.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}