{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2991486786","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsengt.2019.8906321","title":"Matching Score Level Fusion for Face and Palmprint Recognition System on Spatial Domain","display_name":"Matching Score Level Fusion for Face and Palmprint Recognition System on Spatial Domain","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2991486786","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsengt.2019.8906321","mag":"2991486786"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsengt.2019.8906321","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsengt.2019.8906321","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on System Engineering and Technology (ICSET)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008932411","display_name":"Zulaida Rahmi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65079550","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Perlis","ror":"https://ror.org/00xmkb790","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zulaida Rahmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis Kampus Pauh Putra, Perlis, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis Kampus Pauh Putra, Perlis, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101699401","display_name":"Muhammad Imran Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-5998"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65079550","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Perlis","ror":"https://ror.org/00xmkb790","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Imran Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis Kampus Pauh Putra, Perlis, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis Kampus Pauh Putra, Perlis, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012784634","display_name":"Mohd Nazrin Md Isa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3296-0917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65079550","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Perlis","ror":"https://ror.org/00xmkb790","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohd Nazrin Md Isa","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis Kampus Pauh Putra, Perlis, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis Kampus Pauh Putra, Perlis, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084009868","display_name":"Zahereel Ishwar Abdul Khalib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3277-2163"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65079550","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Perlis","ror":"https://ror.org/00xmkb790","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zahereel Ishwar Abdul Khalib","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis Kampus Pauh Putra, Perlis, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis Kampus Pauh Putra, Perlis, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5735,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62925213,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"45","last_page":"49"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9641000032424927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.961899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/palm-print","display_name":"Palm print","score":0.8546245098114014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7422435283660889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7335032820701599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.7154158353805542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.6986726522445679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6623448729515076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5935455560684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.592677891254425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5901088118553162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4810659885406494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-binary-patterns","display_name":"Local binary patterns","score":0.46439889073371887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-face-recognition","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","score":0.46437373757362366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4477156698703766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.43742287158966064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.43382781744003296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.18166708946228027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12983280420303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1164470911026001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.10320892930030823}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777503689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7128108","display_name":"Palm print","level":3,"score":0.8546245098114014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7422435283660889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7335032820701599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.7154158353805542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.6986726522445679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6623448729515076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5935455560684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.592677891254425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5901088118553162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4810659885406494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87335442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2494345","display_name":"Local binary patterns","level":4,"score":0.46439889073371887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88799230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398329","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","level":5,"score":0.46437373757362366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4477156698703766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.43742287158966064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.43382781744003296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.18166708946228027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12983280420303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1164470911026001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.10320892930030823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsengt.2019.8906321","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsengt.2019.8906321","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on System Engineering and Technology (ICSET)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1413778154","https://openalex.org/W1591943466","https://openalex.org/W1739198761","https://openalex.org/W1917386897","https://openalex.org/W2009961107","https://openalex.org/W2265356345","https://openalex.org/W2383346883","https://openalex.org/W2517947229","https://openalex.org/W2535292363","https://openalex.org/W2615293002","https://openalex.org/W2766803333","https://openalex.org/W2779552601","https://openalex.org/W2783750485","https://openalex.org/W2795013542","https://openalex.org/W2798550240","https://openalex.org/W2902113495","https://openalex.org/W2914139557","https://openalex.org/W2915993123","https://openalex.org/W6726340430","https://openalex.org/W6728818354"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2898228808","https://openalex.org/W4241479212","https://openalex.org/W2144679583","https://openalex.org/W1999808563","https://openalex.org/W2166031825","https://openalex.org/W2918845005","https://openalex.org/W2040482211","https://openalex.org/W2058325696","https://openalex.org/W325114128","https://openalex.org/W2185537520"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Face":[0],"and":[1,25,37,75,111,124,132,163],"palmprint":[2],"recognition":[3,48,65,98,108,119,123,155],"system":[4,23,66],"are":[5],"the":[6,21,29,45,60,103,146,154],"most":[7],"popular":[8],"biometric":[9],"system.":[10,49,99],"In":[11,68],"certain":[12],"situations,":[13],"unimodal":[14],"systems":[15],"do":[16],"not":[17],"enough":[18],"to":[19,63,157],"fulfill":[20],"security":[22],"accuracy":[24,46,156],"performance.":[26],"Multimodal":[27],"is":[28,80,109,114,127,135],"proper":[30],"way":[31],"for":[32,82,96,106],"providing":[33],"high":[34],"performance,":[35],"security,":[36],"accuracy.":[38,67],"The":[39,87,100,116,141],"appropriate":[40],"fusion":[41,58,147],"technique":[42],"also":[43,92],"improves":[44],"of":[47,55,102,130,148],"This":[50],"paper":[51],"proposes":[52],"a":[53,125],"development":[54],"score":[56],"level":[57],"in":[59],"spatial":[61],"domain":[62],"enhance":[64],"this":[69],"project":[70],"Local":[71],"Binary":[72],"Pattern":[73],"(LBP)":[74],"Principal":[76,88],"Component":[77,89],"Analysis":[78,90],"(PCA)":[79,91],"used":[81,95],"palm":[83,112,117,133],"print":[84,113,118,134],"feature":[85],"extraction.":[86],"has":[93,152],"been":[94],"face":[97,107,122,131],"result":[101,143],"proposed":[104],"method":[105],"80%":[110],"85%.":[115],"superior":[120],"than":[121],"difference":[126],"5%.":[128],"Fusion":[129],"merged":[136],"using":[137,161],"weight":[138],"sum":[139],"rule.":[140],"experimental":[142],"shows":[144],"that":[145],"these":[149],"two":[150],"modalities":[151],"improved":[153],"98%":[158],"when":[159],"tested":[160],"ORL":[162],"PolyU":[164],"database.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}