{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3146547455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icse.2012.6227079","title":"Engineering and verifying requirements for programmable self-assembling nanomachines","display_name":"Engineering and verifying requirements for programmable self-assembling nanomachines","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3146547455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icse.2012.6227079","mag":"3146547455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icse.2012.6227079","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icse.2012.6227079","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 34th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013390075","display_name":"Robyn R. Lutz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5390-7982"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robyn Lutz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064796448","display_name":"Jack H. Lutz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1004-3891"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jack Lutz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001352332","display_name":"James I. Lathrop","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5467-5818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Lathrop","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043303629","display_name":"Titus H. Klinge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2297-6712"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Titus Klinge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102797459","display_name":"Eric Henderson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5772-6246"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Henderson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073477299","display_name":"Divita Mathur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3537-7292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Divita Mathur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060028051","display_name":"Dalia Abo Sheasha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dalia Abo Sheasha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9075,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8786167,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"1361","last_page":"1364"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10207","display_name":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10207","display_name":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13182","display_name":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6312152147293091}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6312152147293091}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icse.2012.6227079","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icse.2012.6227079","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 34th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309398","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1617520624","https://openalex.org/W1862398452","https://openalex.org/W2037638912","https://openalex.org/W2038125628","https://openalex.org/W2062412471","https://openalex.org/W2063465004","https://openalex.org/W2070046204","https://openalex.org/W2075077797","https://openalex.org/W2086507196","https://openalex.org/W2126961173","https://openalex.org/W2129096474","https://openalex.org/W2129289644","https://openalex.org/W2141478443","https://openalex.org/W2158075875","https://openalex.org/W2222782578"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W4402327032","https://openalex.org/W2382290278"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,102,132,161],"propose":[1],"an":[2],"extension":[3],"of":[4,13,60,71,79,95,142,186],"van":[5],"Lamsweerde's":[6],"goal-oriented":[7],"requirements":[8,138,179],"engineering":[9,137,205],"to":[10,39,111,117,176,189,210],"the":[11,57,69,77,113,166,184],"domain":[12,20],"programmable":[14],"DNA":[15,212],"nanotechnology.":[16],"This":[17,198],"is":[18,74,106,191],"a":[19,29,80,140],"in":[21,33,56,108,165],"which":[22],"individual":[23],"devices":[24,36,51,72],"(agents)":[25],"are":[26,37,65,91,122,180],"at":[27],"most":[28],"few":[30],"dozen":[31],"nanometers":[32],"diameter.":[34],"These":[35],"programmed":[38],"assemble":[40],"themselves":[41],"from":[42],"molecular":[43,143],"components":[44],"and":[45,88,158,172,217],"perform":[46],"their":[47,54,99],"assigned":[48,100],"tasks.":[49],"The":[50],"carry":[52],"out":[53],"tasks":[55],"probabilistic":[58,168],"world":[59],"chemical":[61],"kinetics,":[62],"so":[63],"they":[64],"individually":[66],"error-prone.":[67],"However,":[68],"number":[70],"deployed":[73],"roughly":[75],"on":[76],"order":[78],"nanomole":[81],"(a":[82],"6":[83],"followed":[84],"by":[85,124,136,153],"fourteen":[86],"0s),":[87],"some":[89],"goals":[90],"achieved":[92],"when":[93],"enough":[94],"these":[96],"agents":[97],"achieve":[98],"subgoals.":[101],"show":[103],"that":[104,121,148,178,183,203],"it":[105],"useful":[107],"this":[109,134,163],"setting":[110],"augment":[112],"AND/OR":[114],"goal":[115,119],"diagrams":[116],"allow":[118],"refinements":[120],"mediated":[123],"threshold":[125],"functions,":[126],"rather":[127],"than":[128],"ANDs":[129],"or":[130],"ORs.":[131],"illustrate":[133],"method":[135],"for":[139],"system":[141,164],"detectors":[144,190],"(DNA":[145],"origami":[146],"\u201cpliers\u201d":[147],"capture":[149],"target":[150,187],"molecules)":[151],"invented":[152],"Kuzuya,":[154],"Sakai,":[155],"Yamazaki,":[156],"Xu,":[157],"Komiyama":[159],"(2011).":[160],"model":[162,170],"Prism":[167,175],"symbolic":[169],"checker,":[171],"we":[173],"use":[174],"verify":[177],"satisfied,":[181],"provided":[182],"ratio":[185],"molecules":[188],"neither":[192],"too":[193,196],"high":[194],"nor":[195],"low.":[197],"gives":[199],"prima":[200],"facie":[201],"evidence":[202],"software":[204],"methods":[206],"can":[207],"be":[208],"used":[209],"make":[211],"nanotechnology":[213],"more":[214],"productive,":[215],"predictable":[216],"safe.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
