{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2154516928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icse.2009.5070540","title":"Maintaining and evolving GUI-directed test scripts","display_name":"Maintaining and evolving GUI-directed test scripts","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2154516928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icse.2009.5070540","mag":"2154516928"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icse.2009.5070540","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icse.2009.5070540","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE 31st International Conference on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004425947","display_name":"Mark Grechanik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8364-595X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099672","display_name":"Accenture (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/013g16z83","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093804","https://openalex.org/I4210099672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Grechanik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Accenture Technology Laboratories, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accenture Technology Laboratories, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013657140","display_name":"Qing Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4530-588X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099672","display_name":"Accenture (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/013g16z83","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093804","https://openalex.org/I4210099672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Accenture Technology Laboratories, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accenture Technology Laboratories, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015142571","display_name":"Chen Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0397-7656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099672","display_name":"Accenture (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/013g16z83","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093804","https://openalex.org/I4210099672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Accenture Technology Laboratories, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accenture Technology Laboratories, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.591,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":155,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99173554,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"408","last_page":"418"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-script","display_name":"Test script","score":0.9055197238922119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.8772492408752441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7206822633743286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.6303656101226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-harness","display_name":"Test harness","score":0.6151553392410278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-user-interface-testing","display_name":"Graphical user interface testing","score":0.5588515996932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-management-approach","display_name":"Test Management Approach","score":0.5561648607254028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5044723749160767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.4964788556098938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-suite","display_name":"Test suite","score":0.48261556029319763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keyword-driven-testing","display_name":"Keyword-driven testing","score":0.47259172797203064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-case","display_name":"Test case","score":0.45225927233695984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-positive-paradox","display_name":"False positive paradox","score":0.44587212800979614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4088607132434845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3753354549407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.24776697158813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.2440243661403656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1670052409172058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15158918499946594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.1361106038093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.08921504020690918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface-design","display_name":"User interface design","score":0.07129749655723572}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109086967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2509100","display_name":"Test script","level":4,"score":0.9055197238922119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.8772492408752441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7206822633743286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6303656101226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109852812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2406355","display_name":"Test harness","level":5,"score":0.6151553392410278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66153210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5597182","display_name":"Graphical user interface testing","level":4,"score":0.5588515996932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7435765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705776","display_name":"Test Management Approach","level":5,"score":0.5561648607254028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5044723749160767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.4964788556098938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151552104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705809","display_name":"Test suite","level":4,"score":0.48261556029319763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169168650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1675637","display_name":"Keyword-driven testing","level":5,"score":0.47259172797203064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128942645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568346","display_name":"Test case","level":3,"score":0.45225927233695984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64869954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1859747","display_name":"False positive paradox","level":2,"score":0.44587212800979614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4088607132434845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3753354549407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.24776697158813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.2440243661403656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1670052409172058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15158918499946594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.1361106038093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.08921504020690918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149229913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135707","display_name":"User interface design","level":3,"score":0.07129749655723572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icse.2009.5070540","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icse.2009.5070540","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE 31st International Conference on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307894","display_name":"Accenture","ror":"https://ror.org/013g16z83"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W127224647","https://openalex.org/W1483702717","https://openalex.org/W1495320250","https://openalex.org/W1591521007","https://openalex.org/W1593867524","https://openalex.org/W1910771831","https://openalex.org/W1972478306","https://openalex.org/W1998393968","https://openalex.org/W2023730632","https://openalex.org/W2031224363","https://openalex.org/W2038899190","https://openalex.org/W2075147138","https://openalex.org/W2099137702","https://openalex.org/W2116562786","https://openalex.org/W2129808266","https://openalex.org/W2140056855","https://openalex.org/W2143712427","https://openalex.org/W2155235694","https://openalex.org/W2159619561","https://openalex.org/W2168625647","https://openalex.org/W4239216682","https://openalex.org/W6628547276","https://openalex.org/W6639699737","https://openalex.org/W6668991824","https://openalex.org/W6683414555"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2560965237","https://openalex.org/W2784516856","https://openalex.org/W3006661330","https://openalex.org/W57482378","https://openalex.org/W2375658120","https://openalex.org/W115539129","https://openalex.org/W2724840363","https://openalex.org/W1498418524","https://openalex.org/W4291700435","https://openalex.org/W3215931484"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"manual":[1,158],"black-box":[2],"testing":[3,20],"of":[4,59,72,93,175],"GUI-based":[5],"applications":[6],"(GAPs)":[7],"is":[8,46,162],"tedious":[9],"and":[10,82,105,116,135,155,164],"laborious,":[11],"test":[12,15,23,39,44,67,73,84,90,117,144,176],"engineers":[13,40,118],"create":[14],"scripts":[16,24,45,51,68,85,145],"to":[17,101,119,171],"automate":[18],"the":[19],"process.":[21],"These":[22],"interact":[25],"with":[26,61,111,126,146,150],"GAPs":[27,60],"by":[28],"performing":[29],"actions":[30],"on":[31],"their":[32,65,94],"GUI":[33],"objects.":[34],"An":[35],"extra":[36],"effort":[37],"that":[38,87,130],"put":[41],"in":[42,143],"writing":[43],"paid":[47],"off":[48],"when":[49],"these":[50],"are":[52],"run":[53],"repeatedly.":[54],"Unfortunately,":[55],"releasing":[56],"new":[57,91],"versions":[58,92],"modified":[62],"GUIs":[63],"breaks":[64],"corresponding":[66],"thereby":[69],"obliterating":[70],"benefits":[71],"automation.":[74],"We":[75,97],"offer":[76],"a":[77,99,108,151,156],"novel":[78],"approach":[79],"for":[80],"maintaining":[81],"evolving":[83],"so":[86],"they":[88],"can":[89],"respective":[95],"GAPs.":[96],"built":[98],"tool":[100,148,161],"implement":[102],"our":[103,147],"approach,":[104],"we":[106],"conducted":[107],"case":[109],"study":[110],"forty":[112],"five":[113],"professional":[114],"programmers":[115],"evaluate":[120],"this":[121],"tool.":[122],"The":[123],"results":[124],"show":[125],"strong":[127],"statistical":[128],"significance":[129],"users":[131],"find":[132],"more":[133],"failures":[134],"report":[136],"fewer":[137],"false":[138],"positives":[139],"(p":[140],"<":[141],"0.02)":[142],"than":[149,168],"flagship":[152],"industry":[153],"product":[154],"baseline":[157],"approach.":[159],"Our":[160],"lightweight":[163],"it":[165],"takes":[166],"less":[167],"eight":[169],"seconds":[170],"analyze":[172],"approximately":[173],"1KLOC":[174],"scripts.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
