{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402219126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icrca60878.2024.10649187","title":"Intelligent PID Controller Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Intelligent PID Controller Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402219126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icrca60878.2024.10649187"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icrca60878.2024.10649187","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icrca60878.2024.10649187","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 8th International Conference on Robotics, Control and Automation (ICRCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114220841","display_name":"Yinhe Zhai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yinhe Zhai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University,Shenyang,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University,Shenyang,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084046714","display_name":"Qiang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2004-1769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Engineering Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao,Qinhuangdao,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Engineering Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao,Qinhuangdao,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016386045","display_name":"Yinghua Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3768-2212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinghua Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao,Qinhuangdao,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao,Qinhuangdao,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114220842","display_name":"Jinkuan Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinkuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University,Shenyang,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University,Shenyang,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102958964","display_name":"Wenying Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2866-9622"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenying Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University,Shenyang,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University,Shenyang,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5114220841"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.395,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8156783,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"343","last_page":"348"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14011","display_name":"Elevator Systems and Control","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14011","display_name":"Elevator Systems and Control","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14225","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Control Systems","score":0.9836999773979187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13717","display_name":"Advanced Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9819999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8509690761566162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pid-controller","display_name":"PID controller","score":0.8045161962509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6733914017677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43570899963378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.4115503132343292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement","display_name":"Reinforcement","score":0.4112180173397064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.33222663402557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19855377078056335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-control","display_name":"Temperature control","score":0.08366373181343079}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8509690761566162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47116090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716829","display_name":"PID controller","level":3,"score":0.8045161962509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6733914017677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43570899963378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.4115503132343292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.4112180173397064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.33222663402557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19855377078056335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536315585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698332","display_name":"Temperature control","level":2,"score":0.08366373181343079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icrca60878.2024.10649187","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icrca60878.2024.10649187","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 8th International Conference on Robotics, Control and Automation (ICRCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1883919737","https://openalex.org/W1930160192","https://openalex.org/W1963780181","https://openalex.org/W1975573986","https://openalex.org/W1977357978","https://openalex.org/W2043702733","https://openalex.org/W2138857156","https://openalex.org/W2161451920","https://openalex.org/W2765715912","https://openalex.org/W2811338889","https://openalex.org/W2901141008","https://openalex.org/W2921116154","https://openalex.org/W2937273560","https://openalex.org/W2955103819","https://openalex.org/W2980070341","https://openalex.org/W3015921997","https://openalex.org/W3149836039","https://openalex.org/W4210532788","https://openalex.org/W4304776920","https://openalex.org/W4366385188","https://openalex.org/W6678491850","https://openalex.org/W6852262502"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002388147","https://openalex.org/W3098928304","https://openalex.org/W2394883510","https://openalex.org/W4310083477","https://openalex.org/W2328553770","https://openalex.org/W2920061524","https://openalex.org/W4320922540","https://openalex.org/W82747921","https://openalex.org/W4384916966","https://openalex.org/W2000675896"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PID":[0,15,34,59,79,155,186,215],"control":[1,12,16,51,60,80,123,145,170],"is":[2,17,61,81,138,162,172,179],"still":[3],"the":[4,25,32,70,73,111,117,127,135,148,168,185,194,198,210],"most":[5],"important":[6],"and":[7,21,28,50,63,85,131,202],"popular":[8],"method":[9],"in":[10,89,105,116,126,188],"industrial":[11],"at":[13],"present.":[14],"easy":[18],"to":[19,83,102,181,184,212],"achieve":[20,213],"it":[22,43,64],"can":[23,36,192],"improve":[24,193],"steady-state":[26,136],"performance":[27,30,137],"dynamic":[29,132],"of":[31,58,72,114,119,129,143,197],"system.":[33],"controller":[35,156,187],"be":[37,76,87],"used":[38,88],"for":[39],"all":[40],"objects,":[41],"however,":[42,134],"has":[44,109],"some":[45],"problems":[46],"with":[47],"parameter":[48,216],"adjustment":[49],"effect.":[52],"The":[53,140],"proportional":[54],"integral":[55],"differential":[56],"coefficient":[57],"fixed,":[62],"can't":[65,86],"change":[66],"when":[67],"disturbed,":[68],"so":[69],"stability":[71],"system":[74],"will":[75,146],"affected.":[77],"Moreover,":[78],"prone":[82],"overshoot":[84],"specific":[90],"systems.":[91],"Reinforcement":[92],"learning":[93,161],"(RL)":[94],"algorithms":[95],"have":[96,203],"developed":[97],"rapidly":[98],"from":[99],"discrete":[100],"action":[101,104],"continuous":[103],"recent":[106],"years.":[107],"It":[108,191],"aroused":[110],"high":[112],"interest":[113],"researchers":[115],"field":[118],"automatic":[120],"control.":[121],"RL":[122,144],"performs":[124],"better":[125],"degree":[128],"intelligence":[130],"performance,":[133],"poor.":[139],"sensitive":[141],"response":[142,195],"damage":[147],"actuator.":[149],"In":[150,174],"this":[151,175],"paper,":[152],"an":[153,177],"adaptive":[154],"based":[157],"on":[158],"deep":[159],"reinforcement":[160],"proposed.":[163],"By":[164],"designing":[165],"reward":[166],"values,":[167],"desired":[169],"effect":[171],"described.":[173],"way,":[176],"agent":[178,211],"trained":[180],"provide":[182],"parameters":[183],"real":[189],"time.":[190],"speed":[196],"system,":[199],"suppress":[200],"overshoot,":[201],"a":[204],"certain":[205],"anti-disturbance":[206],"ability":[207],"by":[208],"training":[209],"real-time":[214],"adjustment.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-12-27T23:08:20.325037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}