{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390874731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icrc60800.2023.10386206","title":"Design Considerations for 3D Heterogeneous Integration Driven Analog Processing-in-Pixel for Extreme-Edge Intelligence","display_name":"Design Considerations for 3D Heterogeneous Integration Driven Analog Processing-in-Pixel for Extreme-Edge Intelligence","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390874731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icrc60800.2023.10386206"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icrc60800.2023.10386206","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icrc60800.2023.10386206","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Rebooting Computing (ICRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037825143","display_name":"Zihan Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7216-8214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zihan Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin-Madison,Electrical & Computer Engineering,Madison,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin-Madison,Electrical & Computer Engineering,Madison,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017435097","display_name":"Gourav Datta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5380-2619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gourav Datta","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California,Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Los Angeles,USA","Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California,Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Los Angeles,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033676576","display_name":"Md Abdullah-Al Kaiser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6041-4075"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Abdullah-Al Kaiser","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California,Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Los Angeles,USA","Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California,Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Los Angeles,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084205024","display_name":"Peter A. Beerel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8283-0168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Beerel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California,Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Los Angeles,USA","Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California,Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Los Angeles,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022273882","display_name":"Ajey P. Jacob","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9830-0604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ajey Jacob","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California,Information Sciences Institute,Marina Del Rey,USA","Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Marina Del Rey, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California,Information Sciences Institute,Marina Del Rey,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Marina Del Rey, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003606780","display_name":"Akhilesh Jaiswal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9911-2624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akhilesh Jaiswal","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin-Madison,Electrical & Computer Engineering,Madison,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin-Madison,Electrical & Computer Engineering,Madison,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037825143"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2678,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56516556,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.849697470664978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7213772535324097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.606562614440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.572799563407898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5357508063316345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5059303641319275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4657161235809326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-sensor","display_name":"Image sensor","score":0.44033530354499817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.430563747882843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4164656400680542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.33592116832733154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.18771016597747803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.10828831791877747}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.849697470664978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7213772535324097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.606562614440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.572799563407898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5357508063316345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5059303641319275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4657161235809326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76935873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Image sensor","level":2,"score":0.44033530354499817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.430563747882843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4164656400680542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.33592116832733154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.18771016597747803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.10828831791877747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icrc60800.2023.10386206","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icrc60800.2023.10386206","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Rebooting Computing (ICRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1857884451","https://openalex.org/W1981612049","https://openalex.org/W2163569300","https://openalex.org/W2585597896","https://openalex.org/W2952221193","https://openalex.org/W3015244458","https://openalex.org/W3033519076","https://openalex.org/W3049037182","https://openalex.org/W3089558791","https://openalex.org/W3096649732","https://openalex.org/W3104775050","https://openalex.org/W3127131334","https://openalex.org/W3133578396","https://openalex.org/W3133725905","https://openalex.org/W3174208823","https://openalex.org/W3185169430","https://openalex.org/W3207800181","https://openalex.org/W4292811160","https://openalex.org/W4308659718","https://openalex.org/W4313153185","https://openalex.org/W4319069044","https://openalex.org/W4367188843","https://openalex.org/W4368368082","https://openalex.org/W4376599253","https://openalex.org/W6798734475"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3135697610","https://openalex.org/W2085033728","https://openalex.org/W4285411112","https://openalex.org/W2171299904","https://openalex.org/W2067272521","https://openalex.org/W2944239605","https://openalex.org/W1873415836","https://openalex.org/W4200290804","https://openalex.org/W2139783875","https://openalex.org/W4312469487"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Given":[0],"the":[1,21,36,42,74,101,116],"progress":[2],"in":[3,78,98,103,125],"computer":[4],"vision,":[5],"image":[6],"sensors":[7],"are":[8],"broadening":[9],"their":[10],"capabilities,":[11],"which":[12],"requires":[13],"adding":[14],"data":[15,40],"processing":[16,65],"close":[17],"to":[18,38,56,84],"or":[19],"within":[20,41],"pixel":[22,43],"chips.":[23],"In":[24],"this":[25],"context,":[26],"in-pixel":[27,48,79,120],"computing":[28,80,121],"has":[29],"emerged":[30],"as":[31],"a":[32,58,70,112],"notable":[33],"paradigm,":[34],"offering":[35],"capability":[37],"process":[39],"unit":[44],"itself.":[45],"Interestingly,":[46],"state-of-art":[47],"paradigms":[49],"rely":[50],"on":[51,115],"high-density":[52],"3D":[53,85,104,126],"heterogeneous":[54,86],"integration":[55,105],"establish":[57],"per-pixel":[59],"connection":[60],"with":[61],"vertically":[62],"aligned":[63],"analog":[64],"units.":[66],"This":[67],"article":[68],"provides":[69],"comprehensive":[71],"review":[72],"of":[73,93,119],"most":[75],"recent":[76],"developments":[77],"and":[81,100],"its":[82],"relation":[83],"integration.":[87,127],"It":[88],"offers":[89],"an":[90],"in-depth":[91],"examination":[92],"innovative":[94],"circuit":[95],"design,":[96],"adaptations":[97],"algorithms,":[99],"challenges":[102],"technology":[106],"for":[107],"sensor":[108],"chips,":[109],"thereby":[110],"presenting":[111],"holistic":[113],"perspective":[114],"future":[117],"trajectory":[118],"driven":[122],"by":[123],"advances":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}