{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413945808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra55743.2025.11127486","title":"Enhancing Multi-Agent Systems via Reinforcement Learning with LLM-Based Planner and Graph-Based Policy","display_name":"Enhancing Multi-Agent Systems via Reinforcement Learning with LLM-Based Planner and Graph-Based Policy","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413945808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra55743.2025.11127486"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icra55743.2025.11127486","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra55743.2025.11127486","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075343454","display_name":"Ziqi Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8130-7782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152380","display_name":"Shenzhen Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzpec27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726822","display_name":"Ping An (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/004yv2z91","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726822"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziqi Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ping An Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.,Shenzhen,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ping An Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380","https://openalex.org/I4401726822"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100367638","display_name":"Junjie Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7973-0310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152380","display_name":"Shenzhen Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzpec27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726822","display_name":"Ping An (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/004yv2z91","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726822"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junjie Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ping An Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.,Shenzhen,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ping An Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380","https://openalex.org/I4401726822"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101586244","display_name":"Xiaoyang Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8353-4064"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152380","display_name":"Shenzhen Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzpec27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726822","display_name":"Ping An (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/004yv2z91","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726822"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyang Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ping An Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.,Shenzhen,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ping An Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380","https://openalex.org/I4401726822"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074472751","display_name":"Jianzong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9237-4231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152380","display_name":"Shenzhen Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzpec27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726822","display_name":"Ping An (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/004yv2z91","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726822"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianzong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ping An Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.,Shenzhen,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ping An Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380","https://openalex.org/I4401726822"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1240","last_page":"1246"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.492000013589859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.492000013589859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8522152900695801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planner","display_name":"Planner","score":0.8388341665267944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6876238584518433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5602460503578186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-agent-system","display_name":"Multi-agent system","score":0.5383691787719727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39213407039642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.29510512948036194}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8522152900695801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776999362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2349274","display_name":"Planner","level":2,"score":0.8388341665267944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6876238584518433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5602460503578186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41550386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529909","display_name":"Multi-agent system","level":2,"score":0.5383691787719727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39213407039642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.29510512948036194}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icra55743.2025.11127486","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra55743.2025.11127486","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2968526727","https://openalex.org/W2991046523","https://openalex.org/W3114657141","https://openalex.org/W4309818899","https://openalex.org/W4320002923","https://openalex.org/W4382935854","https://openalex.org/W4383097638","https://openalex.org/W4383108457","https://openalex.org/W4384130050","https://openalex.org/W4385155193","https://openalex.org/W4388660746","https://openalex.org/W4388720459","https://openalex.org/W4389665359","https://openalex.org/W4401414087","https://openalex.org/W4401415060","https://openalex.org/W4401415206","https://openalex.org/W4401415431","https://openalex.org/W4401416363","https://openalex.org/W4402726973","https://openalex.org/W4405787555"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1568779110","https://openalex.org/W804484174","https://openalex.org/W4244698559","https://openalex.org/W4246538999","https://openalex.org/W56933075","https://openalex.org/W4399598005","https://openalex.org/W2002361198","https://openalex.org/W2168364913","https://openalex.org/W1548568597","https://openalex.org/W2482749251"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multi-agent":[0],"systems":[1,60],"(MAS)":[2],"have":[3],"shown":[4],"great":[5],"potential":[6],"in":[7,33,67,192],"executing":[8],"complex":[9,35,92,127,195],"tasks,":[10],"but":[11,29,57],"coordination":[12],"and":[13,37,52,65,87,97,117,146,159,169,188],"safety":[14],"remain":[15],"significant":[16],"challenges.":[17],"Multi-Agent":[18],"Reinforcement":[19],"Learning":[20],"(MARL)":[21],"offers":[22],"a":[23,81,118,131,143],"promising":[24],"framework":[25,82,90],"for":[26],"agent":[27],"collaboration,":[28],"it":[30],"faces":[31],"difficulties":[32],"handling":[34],"tasks":[36,93],"designing":[38],"reward":[39],"functions.":[40],"The":[41,123,152],"introduction":[42],"of":[43,110,133,139,190],"Large":[44],"Language":[45],"Models":[46],"(LLMs)":[47],"has":[48],"brought":[49],"stronger":[50],"reasoning":[51],"cognitive":[53],"abilities":[54],"to":[55,62,171],"MAS,":[56],"existing":[58],"LLM-based":[59,76],"struggle":[61],"respond":[63],"quickly":[64],"accurately":[66],"dynamic":[68],"environments.":[69],"To":[70],"address":[71],"these":[72,140],"challenges,":[73],"we":[74],"propose":[75],"Graph":[77],"Collaboration":[78],"MARL":[79],"(LGC-MARL),":[80],"that":[83],"efficiently":[84],"combines":[85],"LLMs":[86],"MARL.":[88],"This":[89],"decomposes":[91],"into":[94,130],"executable":[95,134],"subtasks":[96,141],"achieves":[98],"efficient":[99],"collaboration":[100,120,154,160],"among":[101,161],"multiple":[102],"agents":[103,162],"through":[104,175],"graph-based":[105,119,153],"coordination.":[106],"Specifically,":[107],"LGC-MARL":[108,191],"consists":[109],"two":[111],"main":[112],"components:":[113],"an":[114,148],"LLM":[115,124],"planner":[116,125],"meta":[121,155],"policy.":[122],"transforms":[126],"task":[128,173],"instructions":[129],"series":[132],"subtasks,":[135],"evaluates":[136],"the":[137,165,180,185],"rationality":[138],"using":[142],"critic":[144],"model,":[145],"generates":[147],"action":[149,166],"dependency":[150,167],"graph.":[151],"policy":[156],"facilitates":[157],"communication":[158],"based":[163],"on":[164,179],"graph,":[168],"adapts":[170],"new":[172],"environments":[174],"meta-learning.":[176],"Experimental":[177],"results":[178],"AI2-THOR":[181],"simulation":[182],"platform":[183],"demonstrate":[184],"superior":[186],"performance":[187],"scalability":[189],"completing":[193],"various":[194],"tasks.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}