{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3080196619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra48506.2021.9561788","title":"OpenBot: Turning Smartphones into Robots","display_name":"OpenBot: Turning Smartphones into Robots","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3080196619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra48506.2021.9561788","mag":"3080196619"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icra48506.2021.9561788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra48506.2021.9561788","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.10631","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108462329","display_name":"Matthias M\u00fcller","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094487","display_name":"Intel (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00m2x0g47","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700","https://openalex.org/I4210094487"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Muller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Systems Lab, Intel","[Intel Intelligent Systems Lab]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Systems Lab, Intel","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Intel Intelligent Systems Lab]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094487"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006181255","display_name":"Vladlen Koltun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-0970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094487","display_name":"Intel (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00m2x0g47","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700","https://openalex.org/I4210094487"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vladlen Koltun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Systems Lab, Intel","[Intel Intelligent Systems Lab]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Systems Lab, Intel","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Intel Intelligent Systems Lab]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094487"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108462329"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094487"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.61331687,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66635706,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"9305","last_page":"9311"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13382","display_name":"Robotics and Automated Systems","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.7168411612510681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7048159241676331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.6796294450759888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android","display_name":"Android (operating system)","score":0.631616473197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot","display_name":"Mobile robot","score":0.5673662424087524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5617640018463135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.543478786945343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humanoid-robot","display_name":"Humanoid robot","score":0.5177949666976929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4886348843574524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.47914427518844604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.44215187430381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.400837779045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.13364535570144653}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.7168411612510681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7048159241676331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.6796294450759888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.631616473197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.5673662424087524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5617640018463135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.543478786945343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60692881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584529","display_name":"Humanoid robot","level":3,"score":0.5177949666976929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4886348843574524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.47914427518844604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.44215187430381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.400837779045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.13364535570144653}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icra48506.2021.9561788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra48506.2021.9561788","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2008.10631","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2008.10631","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.10631","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3080196619","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://export.arxiv.org/pdf/2008.10631","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2008.10631","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2008.10631","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2008.10631","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2008.10631","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.10631","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3080196619.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3080196619.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W980194434","https://openalex.org/W1512996613","https://openalex.org/W1563547082","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1982636603","https://openalex.org/W2022960353","https://openalex.org/W2028319081","https://openalex.org/W2050484682","https://openalex.org/W2071644017","https://openalex.org/W2303301793","https://openalex.org/W2342840547","https://openalex.org/W2579607368","https://openalex.org/W2609212174","https://openalex.org/W2612445135","https://openalex.org/W2737347195","https://openalex.org/W2760878839","https://openalex.org/W2886380958","https://openalex.org/W2890235476","https://openalex.org/W2914283047","https://openalex.org/W2944779197","https://openalex.org/W2946222143","https://openalex.org/W2952659826","https://openalex.org/W2955715866","https://openalex.org/W2962871846","https://openalex.org/W2962894046","https://openalex.org/W2966960409","https://openalex.org/W2967118761","https://openalex.org/W2968585391","https://openalex.org/W2969748094","https://openalex.org/W2982083293","https://openalex.org/W2985533531","https://openalex.org/W2998506323","https://openalex.org/W3007035358","https://openalex.org/W3161458006","https://openalex.org/W4255749368","https://openalex.org/W6630697728","https://openalex.org/W6704559304","https://openalex.org/W6753766000","https://openalex.org/W6765438313","https://openalex.org/W6766850857","https://openalex.org/W6770246895","https://openalex.org/W6774058687","https://openalex.org/W6793561899"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2793005904","https://openalex.org/W1972883649","https://openalex.org/W3093261278","https://openalex.org/W2740060050","https://openalex.org/W2602506226","https://openalex.org/W2571285279","https://openalex.org/W1829625095","https://openalex.org/W2913375862","https://openalex.org/W3092274291","https://openalex.org/W2783578084","https://openalex.org/W1558228083","https://openalex.org/W2559952713","https://openalex.org/W2578189879","https://openalex.org/W2514244493","https://openalex.org/W1996248022","https://openalex.org/W1968526084","https://openalex.org/W3036355107","https://openalex.org/W2471362842","https://openalex.org/W2888497081","https://openalex.org/W2054218101"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Current":[0],"robots":[1,24],"are":[2],"either":[3],"expensive":[4],"or":[5],"make":[6],"significant":[7],"compromises":[8],"on":[9],"sensory":[10],"richness,":[11],"computational":[12,30],"power,":[13],"and":[14,35,51,76,93,112],"communication":[15,33],"capabilities.":[16],"We":[17,42,61],"propose":[18],"to":[19,22,37,69,84],"leverage":[20],"smartphones":[21,68,111],"equip":[23],"with":[25],"extensive":[26],"sensor":[27],"suites,":[28],"powerful":[29,83],"abilities,":[31],"state-of-the-art":[32],"channels,":[34],"access":[36],"a":[38,44,54,63],"thriving":[39],"software":[40,64],"ecosystem.":[41],"design":[43],"small":[45],"electric":[46],"vehicle":[47],"that":[48,66,78,103],"costs":[49],"$50":[50],"serves":[52],"as":[53,90],"robot":[55,113],"body":[56,72],"for":[57,73],"standard":[58],"Android":[59],"smartphones.":[60],"develop":[62],"stack":[65],"allows":[67],"use":[70],"this":[71],"mobile":[74],"operation":[75],"demonstrate":[77,102],"the":[79,104],"system":[80],"is":[81,107,120],"sufficiently":[82],"support":[85],"advanced":[86],"robotics":[87],"workloads":[88],"such":[89],"person":[91],"following":[92],"real-time":[94],"autonomous":[95],"navigation":[96],"in":[97],"unstructured":[98],"environments.":[99],"Controlled":[100],"experiments":[101],"presented":[105],"approach":[106],"robust":[108],"across":[109],"different":[110],"bodies.":[114],"A":[115],"video":[116],"of":[117],"our":[118],"work":[119],"available":[121],"at":[122],"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qc8hFLyWDOM":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-09T09:26:11.010843","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}