{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1989482479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra.2014.6906893","title":"Robotic construction of arbitrary shapes with amorphous materials","display_name":"Robotic construction of arbitrary shapes with amorphous materials","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1989482479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra.2014.6906893","mag":"1989482479"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icra.2014.6906893","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra.2014.6906893","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056528269","display_name":"Nils Napp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1694-0393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nils Napp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA","HARVARD Univ., Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HARVARD Univ., Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049251065","display_name":"Radhika Nagpal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9756-0167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Radhika Nagpal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA","HARVARD Univ., Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HARVARD Univ., Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"295","issue":null,"first_page":"438","last_page":"444"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11737","display_name":"Advanced Materials and Mechanics","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11486","display_name":"Micro and Nano Robotics","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.7088709473609924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.6863564848899841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.6440602540969849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.641875147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5680950284004211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.5642457604408264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amorphous-solid","display_name":"Amorphous solid","score":0.5329540371894836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.42924734950065613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3719217777252197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.08076462149620056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07552096247673035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.06490793824195862}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.7088709473609924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.6863564848899841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.6440602540969849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.641875147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5680950284004211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5642457604408264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56052488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103382","display_name":"Amorphous solid","level":2,"score":0.5329540371894836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.42924734950065613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3719217777252197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.08076462149620056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07552096247673035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.06490793824195862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icra.2014.6906893","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra.2014.6906893","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1840337046","https://openalex.org/W2015799454","https://openalex.org/W2041091946","https://openalex.org/W2053446561","https://openalex.org/W2062802768","https://openalex.org/W2069507241","https://openalex.org/W2086091825","https://openalex.org/W2087158883","https://openalex.org/W2101128991","https://openalex.org/W2101413298","https://openalex.org/W2102560187","https://openalex.org/W2121161036","https://openalex.org/W2121548261","https://openalex.org/W2130846801","https://openalex.org/W2138664833","https://openalex.org/W2159714879","https://openalex.org/W2168054868","https://openalex.org/W2295977886","https://openalex.org/W2398510500","https://openalex.org/W2549877869","https://openalex.org/W2762487195","https://openalex.org/W6638780543","https://openalex.org/W6672410604","https://openalex.org/W6677279152","https://openalex.org/W6684592655","https://openalex.org/W6697338095"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2366107444","https://openalex.org/W4388145910","https://openalex.org/W4399671601","https://openalex.org/W2381570729","https://openalex.org/W1976205134","https://openalex.org/W4248336175","https://openalex.org/W1992962589","https://openalex.org/W2031260042","https://openalex.org/W2391445434","https://openalex.org/W3032871857"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"a":[2,41,75],"locally":[3],"reactive":[4,58],"algorithm":[5],"to":[6,16,36,44,65,77],"construct":[7],"arbitrary":[8],"shapes":[9],"with":[10,30,46,79],"amorphous":[11],"materials.":[12],"The":[13,56],"goal":[14],"is":[15],"provide":[17,40],"methods":[18],"for":[19],"robust":[20],"robotic":[21],"construction":[22,32],"in":[23,70],"unstructured,":[24],"cluttered":[25],"terrain,":[26],"where":[27],"deliberative":[28],"approaches":[29],"pre-fabricated":[31],"elements":[33],"are":[34],"difficult":[35],"apply.":[37],"Amorphous":[38],"materials":[39],"simple":[42],"way":[43,76],"interface":[45],"existing":[47],"obstacles,":[48],"as":[49,51],"well":[50],"irregularly":[52],"shaped":[53],"previous":[54],"depositions.":[55],"local":[57],"nature":[59],"of":[60],"these":[61],"algorithms":[62],"allows":[63],"robots":[64],"recover":[66],"from":[67],"disturbances,":[68],"operate":[69],"dynamic":[71],"environments,":[72],"and":[73],"provides":[74],"work":[78],"scalable":[80],"robot":[81],"teams.":[82]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}