{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2128571022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra.2011.5979625","title":"Microscopic photometric stereo: A dense microstructure 3D measurement method","display_name":"Microscopic photometric stereo: A dense microstructure 3D measurement method","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2128571022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra.2011.5979625","mag":"2128571022"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icra.2011.5979625","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra.2011.5979625","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100726890","display_name":"Zhongwei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4651-4763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongwei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of M.E.E.M., City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","Department of M.E.E.M., City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of M.E.E.M., City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of M.E.E.M., City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100642147","display_name":"Youfu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5227-1326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y.F. Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of M.E.E.M., City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","Department of M.E.E.M., City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of M.E.E.M., City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of M.E.E.M., City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"6009","last_page":"6014"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photometric-stereo","display_name":"Photometric stereo","score":0.7575535774230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6444027423858643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5992774367332458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-minimization","display_name":"Energy minimization","score":0.563528299331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.545016348361969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/a-priori-and-a-posteriori","display_name":"A priori and a posteriori","score":0.5324066281318665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.48945748805999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.44564640522003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.42121443152427673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24013152718544006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.14343589544296265}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44365914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17120636","display_name":"Photometric stereo","level":3,"score":0.7575535774230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6444027423858643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5992774367332458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14961307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5377176","display_name":"Energy minimization","level":2,"score":0.563528299331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.545016348361969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75553542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178161","display_name":"A priori and a posteriori","level":2,"score":0.5324066281318665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.48945748805999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.44564640522003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.42121443152427673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24013152718544006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.14343589544296265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icra.2011.5979625","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra.2011.5979625","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1508960934","https://openalex.org/W1539790409","https://openalex.org/W1601798363","https://openalex.org/W1963789932","https://openalex.org/W1975089519","https://openalex.org/W1981579689","https://openalex.org/W2022054705","https://openalex.org/W2048097311","https://openalex.org/W2063665606","https://openalex.org/W2066085919","https://openalex.org/W2079590986","https://openalex.org/W2081887802","https://openalex.org/W2088375041","https://openalex.org/W2093366637","https://openalex.org/W2099225574","https://openalex.org/W2101309634","https://openalex.org/W2117035055","https://openalex.org/W2134061380","https://openalex.org/W2146641618","https://openalex.org/W2160160544","https://openalex.org/W3044583775","https://openalex.org/W3151597212","https://openalex.org/W6674932179"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518796764","https://openalex.org/W2118841422","https://openalex.org/W347294048","https://openalex.org/W2226908759","https://openalex.org/W1899667806","https://openalex.org/W2061881449","https://openalex.org/W1981231660","https://openalex.org/W1483822002","https://openalex.org/W2351116219","https://openalex.org/W2110536527"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"propose":[1],"a":[2,32,68,74,83],"novel":[3],"Microscopic":[4],"Photometric":[5],"Stereo":[6],"(MPS)":[7],"method":[8,71,104],"based":[9,72],"on":[10,73,108],"optical":[11],"microscope":[12],"and":[13,20,49,79,94,115],"uncalibrated":[14],"photometric":[15],"stereo":[16],"(UPS)":[17],"for":[18],"dense":[19],"refined":[21],"microstructure":[22],"3D":[23],"measurement.":[24],"The":[25,101],"UPS":[26],"method,":[27],"which":[28],"does":[29],"not":[30],"require":[31],"priori":[33],"knowledge":[34],"of":[35,63,76,92],"the":[36,40,52,57,64,90,97],"light-source":[37,41],"direction":[38],"or":[39],"intensity,":[42],"is":[43],"employed":[44],"to":[45,88],"recover":[46],"surface":[47,99],"normals":[48],"albedos":[50],"from":[51],"captured":[53],"micro-images.":[54],"For":[55],"resolving":[56],"inherent":[58],"generalized":[59],"bas-relief":[60],"(GBR)":[61],"ambiguity":[62],"UPS,":[65],"we":[66],"present":[67],"GBR":[69],"disambiguation":[70],"framework":[75],"entropy":[77],"minimization,":[78],"extend":[80],"it":[81],"using":[82],"graph":[84],"cuts":[85],"energy":[86],"minimization":[87],"decrease":[89],"influence":[91],"noise":[93],"further":[95],"refine":[96],"recovered":[98],"normal.":[100],"proposed":[102],"MPS":[103],"has":[105],"been":[106,120],"tested":[107],"synthetic":[109],"as":[110,112],"well":[111],"real":[113],"images":[114],"very":[116],"encouraging":[117],"results":[118],"have":[119],"obtained.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
