{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3160852208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9413004","title":"Background Invariance by Adversarial Learning","display_name":"Background Invariance by Adversarial Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3160852208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9413004","mag":"3160852208"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9413004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9413004","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054716728","display_name":"Ricardo Cruz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5189-6228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo Cruz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040172163","display_name":"Ricardo M. Prates","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1580-9828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126158947","display_name":"Universidade Federal da Bahia","ror":"https://ror.org/03k3p7647","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126158947"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo M. Prates","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Systems Laboratory \u2013 PPGEE, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Systems Laboratory \u2013 PPGEE, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126158947"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030940663","display_name":"E. Furtado De Simas Filho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8707-785X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126158947","display_name":"Universidade Federal da Bahia","ror":"https://ror.org/03k3p7647","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126158947"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eduardo F. Simas Filho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Systems Laboratory \u2013 PPGEE, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Systems Laboratory \u2013 PPGEE, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126158947"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073053643","display_name":"Joaquim Pinto da Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3991-2715"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joaquim F. Pinto Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013827007","display_name":"Jaime S. Cardoso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3760-2473"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaime S. Cardoso","raw_affiliation_strings":["INESC TEC, Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INESC TEC, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2911,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5433622,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"abs 1412 6572","issue":null,"first_page":"5883","last_page":"5888"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7246897220611572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.7186038494110107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drone","display_name":"Drone","score":0.7163945436477661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.6552416086196899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6261956095695496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.623616635799408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6069151163101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6008650660514832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5469770431518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.4513411521911621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.44791683554649353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.43484726548194885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.19834274053573608}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7246897220611572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.7186038494110107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.7163945436477661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.6552416086196899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6261956095695496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.623616635799408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6069151163101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6008650660514832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5469770431518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4513411521911621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.44791683554649353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.43484726548194885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.19834274053573608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9413004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9413004","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1945616565","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2555232156","https://openalex.org/W2750384547","https://openalex.org/W2786052267","https://openalex.org/W2902617128","https://openalex.org/W2948194985","https://openalex.org/W2962835968","https://openalex.org/W2963207607","https://openalex.org/W2965271442","https://openalex.org/W2972348904","https://openalex.org/W4308831279","https://openalex.org/W4320013936","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6640425456","https://openalex.org/W6756444276"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229448053","https://openalex.org/W4247925126","https://openalex.org/W4327774218","https://openalex.org/W4320018150","https://openalex.org/W2040808657","https://openalex.org/W4239582170","https://openalex.org/W2918664383","https://openalex.org/W106056076","https://openalex.org/W4320855730","https://openalex.org/W2135200719"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Convolutional":[0],"neural":[1],"networks":[2],"are":[3,35,83],"shown":[4],"to":[5,8,47,85],"be":[6],"vulnerable":[7],"changes":[9],"in":[10],"the":[11,22,30,48,89],"background.":[12],"The":[13,91],"proposed":[14,92],"method":[15,19,93],"is":[16,42,53,69],"an":[17,45],"end-to-end":[18],"that":[20,41,82],"augments":[21],"training":[23,31,67],"set":[24,68],"by":[25,37,96],"introducing":[26],"new":[27],"backgrounds":[28,34],"during":[29],"process.":[32],"These":[33],"created":[36],"a":[38,63,66,75],"generative":[39],"network":[40],"trained":[43],"as":[44],"adversary":[46],"model.":[49],"A":[50],"case":[51,101],"study":[52],"explored":[54],"based":[55],"on":[56],"overhead":[57],"power":[58],"line":[59],"insulators":[60],"detection":[61],"using":[62,80],"drone":[64],"-":[65],"prepared":[70],"from":[71,87],"photographs":[72,81],"taken":[73],"inside":[74],"laboratory":[76],"and":[77],"then":[78],"evaluated":[79],"harder":[84],"collect":[86],"outside":[88],"laboratory.":[90],"improves":[94],"performance":[95],"over":[97],"20%":[98],"for":[99],"this":[100],"study.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
