{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3158473163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412618","title":"Visual Saliency Oriented Vehicle Scale Estimation","display_name":"Visual Saliency Oriented Vehicle Scale Estimation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3158473163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412618","mag":"3158473163"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412618","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412618","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081119790","display_name":"Jiali Ding","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96852419","display_name":"Capital Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/005edt527","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiali Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100321097","display_name":"Tie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0968-1645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96852419","display_name":"Capital Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/005edt527","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043873168","display_name":"Qixin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3733-8641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96852419","display_name":"Capital Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/005edt527","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qixin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005376529","display_name":"Zejian Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5548-3634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zejian Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101924785","display_name":"Yuanyuan Shang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1786-6487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96852419","display_name":"Capital Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/005edt527","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanyuan Shang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"91","issue":null,"first_page":"1867","last_page":"1873"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.8071122169494629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7722811698913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7650930881500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.7233937978744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6994202136993408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.49756506085395813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salient","display_name":"Salient","score":0.4951881468296051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.47934991121292114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.45253875851631165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.41959431767463684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2103346586227417}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.8071122169494629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7722811698913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7650930881500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.7233937978744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6994202136993408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.49756506085395813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.4951881468296051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.47934991121292114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.45253875851631165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41959431767463684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2103346586227417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412618","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412618","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6299999952316284}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3987142450","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61603022,61876112,61601311","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493819645","https://openalex.org/W1964846093","https://openalex.org/W1997121481","https://openalex.org/W2035379092","https://openalex.org/W2039724563","https://openalex.org/W2088173505","https://openalex.org/W2122723498","https://openalex.org/W2129086727","https://openalex.org/W2130502925","https://openalex.org/W2157554677","https://openalex.org/W2332005974","https://openalex.org/W2343187456","https://openalex.org/W2400500060","https://openalex.org/W2605929543","https://openalex.org/W2763554813","https://openalex.org/W2796347433","https://openalex.org/W2909494862","https://openalex.org/W3040777582","https://openalex.org/W6712906229","https://openalex.org/W6780413204"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2329500892","https://openalex.org/W28991112","https://openalex.org/W2370726991","https://openalex.org/W2369710579","https://openalex.org/W2545348020","https://openalex.org/W4327728159","https://openalex.org/W2912751582","https://openalex.org/W2130893381","https://openalex.org/W1990856605","https://openalex.org/W2380243858"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vehicle":[0],"scale":[1,36,63,136],"estimation":[2,37],"with":[3,89,127],"a":[4,8,34],"single":[5],"camera":[6],"is":[7,53,83],"typical":[9],"application":[10],"for":[11],"intelligent":[12],"transportation":[13],"and":[14,25,61,65,68,91,132],"it":[15],"faces":[16],"the":[17,75,93,98,105,111,120,130],"challenges":[18],"from":[19,104],"visual":[20,80],"computing":[21],"while":[22],"intensity-based":[23],"method":[24,27,38,52,122],"descriptor-based":[26],"should":[28],"be":[29],"balanced.":[30],"This":[31],"paper":[32],"proposed":[33,54,76,121],"vehicle":[35,135],"based":[39],"on":[40],"salient":[41],"object":[42],"detection":[43],"to":[44,58,73,85,102,129],"resolve":[45],"this":[46],"problem.":[47],"The":[48,79,116],"regularized":[49],"intensity":[50,69],"matching":[51,67,70],"in":[55],"Lie":[56],"Algebra":[57],"achieve":[59],"robust":[60],"accurate":[62],"estimation,":[64],"descriptor":[66],"are":[71,100],"combined":[72],"minimize":[74],"loss":[77],"function.":[78],"attention":[81],"mechanism":[82],"designed":[84],"select":[86],"image":[87,95,107],"patches":[88,108],"texture":[90],"remove":[92],"occluded":[94],"patches.":[96],"Then":[97],"weights":[99],"assigned":[101],"pixels":[103],"selected":[106],"which":[109],"alleviates":[110],"influence":[112],"of":[113,134],"noise-corrupted":[114],"pixels.":[115],"experiments":[117],"show":[118],"that":[119],"significantly":[123],"outperforms":[124],"state-of-the-art":[125],"methods":[126],"regard":[128],"robustness":[131],"accuracy":[133],"estimation.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}