{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3163840154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412198","title":"Handwritten Digit String Recognition using Deep Autoencoder based Segmentation and ResNet based Recognition Approach","display_name":"Handwritten Digit String Recognition using Deep Autoencoder based Segmentation and ResNet based Recognition Approach","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3163840154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412198","mag":"3163840154"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412198","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412198","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038526584","display_name":"Anuran Chakraborty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7682-9072"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170979836","display_name":"Jadavpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/02af4h012","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anuran Chakraborty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086293066","display_name":"Rajonya De","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4290-7829"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170979836","display_name":"Jadavpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/02af4h012","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajonya De","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012409289","display_name":"Samir Malakar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4217-2372"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samir Malakar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Asutosh College, Kolkata, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Asutosh College, Kolkata, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078096723","display_name":"Friedhelm Schwenker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5118-0812"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Friedhelm Schwenker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Neural Information Processing, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Neural Information Processing, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082599641","display_name":"Ram Sarkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8813-4086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170979836","display_name":"Jadavpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/02af4h012","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ram Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038526584"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9607,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76986928,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"7737","last_page":"7742"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7428937554359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/string","display_name":"String (physics)","score":0.7237488031387329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-digit","display_name":"Numerical digit","score":0.6123791933059692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5844650268554688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting-recognition","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","score":0.5805801153182983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5801234841346741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5727563500404358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting","display_name":"Handwriting","score":0.5645078420639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digit-recognition","display_name":"Digit recognition","score":0.5288357138633728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5169738531112671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-character-recognition","display_name":"Intelligent character recognition","score":0.47336527705192566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-word-recognition","display_name":"Intelligent word recognition","score":0.4116193652153015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.3715289235115051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.21845358610153198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.14452728629112244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-recognition","display_name":"Character recognition","score":0.1349327564239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1255892515182495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.09203323721885681}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7428937554359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157486923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376436","display_name":"String (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7237488031387329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94957134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82990","display_name":"Numerical digit","level":2,"score":0.6123791933059692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5844650268554688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112640561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2440634","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","level":3,"score":0.5805801153182983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5801234841346741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5727563500404358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779386606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393642","display_name":"Handwriting","level":2,"score":0.5645078420639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984784707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Digit recognition","level":3,"score":0.5288357138633728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5169738531112671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44868376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3099089","display_name":"Intelligent character recognition","level":4,"score":0.47336527705192566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17649283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6044162","display_name":"Intelligent word recognition","level":5,"score":0.4116193652153015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3715289235115051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.21845358610153198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.14452728629112244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987247673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Character recognition","level":3,"score":0.1349327564239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1255892515182495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.09203323721885681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412198","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412198","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W82701990","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1974177088","https://openalex.org/W1987872302","https://openalex.org/W2000145530","https://openalex.org/W2046406870","https://openalex.org/W2060190935","https://openalex.org/W2092864839","https://openalex.org/W2097000478","https://openalex.org/W2194187530","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2528751927","https://openalex.org/W2587231757","https://openalex.org/W2741436143","https://openalex.org/W2763095131","https://openalex.org/W2902521343","https://openalex.org/W2941430738","https://openalex.org/W2963073614","https://openalex.org/W2963517393","https://openalex.org/W2964227007","https://openalex.org/W2993468877","https://openalex.org/W3002831092","https://openalex.org/W6639824700"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4309724674","https://openalex.org/W2891374022","https://openalex.org/W4383503016","https://openalex.org/W4379619998","https://openalex.org/W4388115778","https://openalex.org/W2584088274","https://openalex.org/W4206266975","https://openalex.org/W2590218447","https://openalex.org/W2153054283","https://openalex.org/W3112133370"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recognition":[0],"of":[1,31,79,89],"isolated":[2,126],"handwritten":[3,32,118,165],"digits":[4,62,91,115,127],"is":[5,24,71],"a":[6,106,117,129,170],"well-studied":[7],"research":[8],"problem":[9,57],"and":[10,48,121,169],"several":[11],"models":[12],"show":[13],"high":[14],"recognition":[15,30,134],"accuracy":[16],"on":[17,148,164],"different":[18],"standard":[19],"datasets.":[20],"But":[21],"the":[22,64,87,93,100,114,125,138,149],"same":[23],"not":[25,67],"true":[26],"while":[27],"we":[28,103,123],"consider":[29],"digit":[33,119,140,166],"strings":[34],"although":[35],"it":[36],"has":[37,145,178],"many":[38],"real-life":[39],"applications":[40],"like":[41],"bank":[42],"cheque":[43],"processing,":[44],"postal":[45],"code":[46],"recognition,":[47,168],"numeric":[49],"field":[50],"understanding":[51],"from":[52,116],"filled-in":[53],"form":[54],"images.":[55],"The":[56,77,142],"becomes":[58],"more":[59],"difficult":[60],"when":[61],"in":[63,74,92,99,160],"string":[65,167],"are":[66],"neatly":[68],"written":[69],"which":[70],"commonly":[72],"seen":[73],"freestyle":[75],"handwriting.":[76],"performance":[78],"any":[80],"such":[81],"model":[82,135,144],"primarily":[83],"suffers":[84],"due":[85],"to":[86,128,136,175],"presence":[88],"touching":[90],"string.":[94,141],"To":[95],"handle":[96],"these":[97],"issues,":[98],"present":[101],"work,":[102],"first":[104],"use":[105],"deep":[107],"autoencoder":[108],"based":[109,133],"segmentation":[110],"technique":[111],"for":[112],"isolating":[113],"string,":[120],"then":[122],"pass":[124],"Residual":[130],"Network":[131],"(ResNet)":[132],"obtain":[137],"machine-encoded":[139],"proposed":[143],"been":[146,179],"evaluated":[147],"Computer":[150],"Vision":[151],"Lab":[152],"(CVL)":[153],"Handwritten":[154],"Digit":[155],"Strings":[156],"(HDS)":[157],"database,":[158],"used":[159],"HDSRC":[161],"2013":[162],"competition":[163],"competent":[171],"result":[172],"with":[173],"respect":[174],"state-of-the-art":[176],"techniques":[177],"achieved.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
