{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3041253775","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412006","title":"Quaternion Capsule Networks","display_name":"Quaternion Capsule Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3041253775","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412006","mag":"3041253775"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412006","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.04389","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007117315","display_name":"Bar\u0131\u015f \u00d6zcan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8598-1239"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44925452","display_name":"\u00d6zye\u011fin University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jjhfr75","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44925452"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Baris Ozcan","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u00d6zye\u011fin University, \u0130stanbul, Turkey","Ozyegin University,Dept. of Computer Science,Istanbul,Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00d6zye\u011fin University, \u0130stanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44925452"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ozyegin University,Dept. of Computer Science,Istanbul,Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44925452"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069111331","display_name":"Furkan K\u0131nl\u0131","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9192-6583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44925452","display_name":"\u00d6zye\u011fin University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jjhfr75","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44925452"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Furkan Kinli","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u00d6zye\u011fin University, \u0130stanbul, Turkey","Ozyegin University#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00d6zye\u011fin University, \u0130stanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44925452"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ozyegin University#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44925452"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082001362","display_name":"Furkan K\u0131ra\u00e7","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9177-0489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44925452","display_name":"\u00d6zye\u011fin University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jjhfr75","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44925452"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Furkan Kirac","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u00d6zye\u011fin University, \u0130stanbul, Turkey","Ozyegin University#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00d6zye\u011fin University, \u0130stanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44925452"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ozyegin University#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44925452"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007117315"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44925452"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00423056,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"6858","last_page":"6865"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quaternion","display_name":"Quaternion","score":0.8804910182952881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6292612552642822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6172049045562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6123001575469971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viewpoints","display_name":"Viewpoints","score":0.6117116212844849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.4113939702510834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3876640796661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3224232792854309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2239043116569519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.06936752796173096}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200127275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173853","display_name":"Quaternion","level":2,"score":0.8804910182952881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6292612552642822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6172049045562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6123001575469971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7928819","display_name":"Viewpoints","level":2,"score":0.6117116212844849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.4113939702510834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3876640796661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3224232792854309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2239043116569519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.06936752796173096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412006","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2007.04389","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.04389","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.04389","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3041253775","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.04389.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:eresearch.ozyegin.edu.tr:10679/7789","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10679/7789","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400232","display_name":"ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology (The Electrochemical Society)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2802273670","host_organization_name":"Electrochemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802273670"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2007.04389","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2007.04389","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2007.04389","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.04389","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.04389","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3041253775.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3041253775.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22705931","https://openalex.org/W224485641","https://openalex.org/W1533861849","https://openalex.org/W1578621147","https://openalex.org/W1677182931","https://openalex.org/W1700035086","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1977259876","https://openalex.org/W2047515252","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2134557905","https://openalex.org/W2143572124","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2265796482","https://openalex.org/W2279221249","https://openalex.org/W2293422035","https://openalex.org/W2460937040","https://openalex.org/W2607296245","https://openalex.org/W2613718673","https://openalex.org/W2618946976","https://openalex.org/W2785994986","https://openalex.org/W2797472209","https://openalex.org/W2886134486","https://openalex.org/W2894977338","https://openalex.org/W2947101670","https://openalex.org/W2962703703","https://openalex.org/W2962916650","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963042606","https://openalex.org/W2963230471","https://openalex.org/W2963235055","https://openalex.org/W2963685250","https://openalex.org/W2963703618","https://openalex.org/W2963719423","https://openalex.org/W2964318666","https://openalex.org/W2971044234","https://openalex.org/W2987382782","https://openalex.org/W3004246805","https://openalex.org/W6600115225","https://openalex.org/W6620707391","https://openalex.org/W6631943919","https://openalex.org/W6637501666","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6685537299","https://openalex.org/W6693593672","https://openalex.org/W6694954494","https://openalex.org/W6695676441","https://openalex.org/W6697281062","https://openalex.org/W6743446608","https://openalex.org/W6748053814","https://openalex.org/W6751741970","https://openalex.org/W6752004172","https://openalex.org/W6752772801"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3163194081","https://openalex.org/W3124106290","https://openalex.org/W2977005315","https://openalex.org/W3204642746","https://openalex.org/W2924460655","https://openalex.org/W3037367276","https://openalex.org/W2773656608","https://openalex.org/W2985832137","https://openalex.org/W2792148417","https://openalex.org/W3002578061","https://openalex.org/W2905040722","https://openalex.org/W3171333242","https://openalex.org/W2979329349","https://openalex.org/W3176016040","https://openalex.org/W2899291531","https://openalex.org/W2742737904","https://openalex.org/W3138805398","https://openalex.org/W2781459369","https://openalex.org/W3038023350","https://openalex.org/W2998280583"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Capsules":[0,69],"are":[1,79,84],"grouping":[2],"of":[3,11,23,56,60,74,93,103],"neurons":[4],"that":[5,111],"allow":[6],"to":[7,86,115],"represent":[8],"sophisticated":[9],"information":[10,73],"a":[12],"visual":[13],"entity":[14],"such":[15],"as":[16],"pose":[17,61,72],"and":[18,39,50,76,99,121],"features.":[19],"In":[20,63],"the":[21,45,48,54,87,94,129],"view":[22],"this":[24,40,64],"property,":[25],"Capsule":[26,131],"Networks":[27],"outperform":[28],"CNNs":[29],"in":[30,36],"challenging":[31],"tasks":[32],"like":[33],"object":[34,49],"recognition":[35],"unseen":[37],"viewpoints,":[38],"is":[41,139],"achieved":[42],"by":[43,81],"learning":[44],"transformations":[46,78],"between":[47],"its":[51],"parts":[52],"with":[53,118,128],"help":[55],"high":[57],"dimensional":[58],"representation":[59,96],"information.":[62],"paper,":[65],"we":[66],"present":[67],"Quaternion":[68],"(QCN)":[70],"where":[71],"capsules":[75],"their":[77],"represented":[80],"quaternions.":[82],"Quaternions":[83],"immune":[85],"gimbal":[88],"lock,":[89],"have":[90],"straightforward":[91],"regularization":[92],"rotation":[95],"for":[97],"capsules,":[98],"require":[100],"less":[101],"number":[102],"parameters":[104],"than":[105],"matrices.":[106],"The":[107],"experimental":[108],"results":[109],"show":[110],"QCNs":[112],"generalize":[113],"better":[114,126],"novel":[116],"viewpoints":[117],"fewer":[119],"parameters,":[120],"also":[122],"achieve":[123],"onpar":[124],"or":[125],"performances":[127],"state-of-the-art":[130],"architectures":[132],"on":[133],"well-known":[134],"benchmarking":[135],"datasets.":[136],"Our":[137],"code":[138],"available":[140],"<sup":[141],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[142],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">1</sup>":[143],".":[144]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}